华南沿海甲藻孢囊生物多样性与地理分布研究

项目名称： 华南沿海甲藻孢囊生物多样性与地理分布研究

项目编号： No.41476132

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 王朝晖

作者单位： 暨南大学

项目金额： 93万元

中文摘要： 孢囊是许多甲藻的重要休眠时期，被认为是赤潮发生的种源，也是有毒有害甲藻全球扩展的载体。但目前对于孢囊生物多样性以及孢囊与营养细胞的对应关系了解尚不充分，而我国沿海孢囊生物多样性和地理分布信息则更为有限。本项目拟以华南沿海为研究重点，对甲藻孢囊进行分类学研究，建立孢囊图谱，丰富孢囊生物多样性，揭示其地理分布规律；对沉积物进行直接萌发，揭示有毒有害赤潮发生的潜在风险；通过沉积物直接萌发、孢囊萌发以及孢囊与营养细胞单细胞PCR-rDNA序列测定，明确孢囊与营养细胞的对应关系，丰富产孢囊甲藻信息，揭示其地理来源；利用PCR-DGGE技术对孢囊进行DNA指纹分析，并通过切胶测序以及高通量测序，丰富孢囊物种多样性和分子多样性，建立DNA数据库。项目实施将全面揭示华南沿海孢囊生物多样性和地理分布信息，对华南沿海有毒有害赤潮的预防、预警具有重要指导意义。

中文关键词： 甲藻孢囊；海洋浮游植物；赤潮；物种多样性；地理分布

英文摘要： Cyst is the resting stage of many dinoflagellates. Dinocysts are regarded as the seed bed of algal blooms, and also the carrier for the worldwide expansion of harmful dinoflagellates. However, There are many uncertainties about the dinocyst species richness and the relationships between cysts and vegetative cells, and less information about biodiversity and geological distribution of dinocysts in Chinese coastal waters. In this project, we will choose the Southern Chinese coasts as studying area. Surface sediments will be collected, and dinocysts will be analyzed morphologically and by rDNA sequences to understand the biodiversity and geological distribution of dinocysts, and to establish the atlas of dinocysts. The sediments will be germinated directly to highlight the potential of harmful algal blooms. The relationships between cysts and vegetative cells will be discovered through a series of studies such as sediment and cyst germination, single cell PCR-rDNA sequencing of cysts and vegetative cells. Meanwhile, the information about cyst-forming dinoflagellates will be enriched, and their geological regions will be understood. The DNA finger prints of cyst will be studied by PCR-DGGE technique. High-throughput sequencing will be used to enrich the biological and molecular diversity of cyst, and a DNA data base of cyst will be established. The results of this project will provide a comprehensive knowledge about biodiversity and geological distribution of dinocysts, and give an important guidance in bloom prevention and prediction in the Southern Chinese coasts.

英文关键词： dinocyst;marine phytoplankton;algal bloom;biodiversity;geological distribution