结直肠癌多种microRNA的单分子检测研究

项目名称： 结直肠癌多种microRNA的单分子检测研究

项目编号： No.21505043

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 应佚伦

作者单位： 华东理工大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 结直肠癌是临床上发病率和死亡率最高的肿瘤之一。人体组织及血液中结直肠癌microRNA超灵敏检测方法的建立对于结直肠癌的早期诊断、分期、预后判断以及结直肠癌发病机制的研究等方面都具有重要意义。本项目针对实际样品中结直肠癌microRNA分子非标记、无需扩增、超灵敏、快速、可靠、低成本检测分析的需求，拟利用纳米孔单分子检测技术，设计制备一系列可与目标microRNA分子特异性结合的DNA探针分子，以期在单分子水平上获得每一种结直肠癌相关microRNA分子的纳米孔特征阻断信号；进一步开发相关microRNA纳米孔特征阻断信号快速识别分析方法及相应软件系统，从而最终构建应用于结直肠癌患者血清及组织中多种microRNA分子同时检测的纳米孔超灵敏检测分析系统。

中文关键词： 单分子分析；纳米孔；microRNA

英文摘要： Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality in the world. Establishing a sufficient and sensitive method for detecting microRNAs in the bloodstream and tissue is essential to the diagnosis, prognosis and chemotherapy of colorectal cancer. This project aims to develop a biological nanopore sensor which can selectively detect colorectal cancer-associated microRNAs at the single molecular level without the need for labels and amplification of the microRNA. The sensor, which uses a decoded oligonucleotide probe to generated a target-specific signature signal, can quantify and distingusih multiplex microRNAs. The analysis method and its related software will further developed for rapid recognization of signature signals from massive nanopore data. This ultra-sensitive approach will be ultimately applicated in simultaneous quantifying multiplex microRNAs in plasma and tissue samples from colorectal cancer patients.

英文关键词： Single Molecule Detection;Nanopore;microRNA