离子液体中光电还原CO2制备碳氢燃料

项目名称： 离子液体中光电还原CO2制备碳氢燃料

项目编号： No.21276261

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 化学工业

项目作者： 李红花

作者单位： 中国科学院过程工程研究所

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 光电还原CO2利用太阳能将CO2转化为甲醇、甲烷等碳氢燃料，为解决CO2引起的温室效应和能源短缺提供了新途径。但目前普遍使用的电解液存在着CO2溶解度低、电导率差等缺陷。离子液体具有吸收CO2好、电导率高、电化学窗口宽、光、热稳定性好等优势成为光电还原CO2的理想溶剂和电解液。本项目首次将离子液体作为溶剂和电解液应用于CO2光电还原体系，研究离子液体结构对光电还原产物甲醇、甲烷产率和选择性的影响，建立离子液体结构与光电还原效率的构效关系；研究CO2在离子液体中光电还原的机理，为进一步提高CO2光电转化效率和选择性提供理论指导；通过n型和p型半导体的联合使用并同时辐照两个电极，最终实现不需外加偏电压、太阳能驱动的CO2光电还原系统。该研究为CO2的循环利用和太阳能的转化和储存提供科学依据，对解决我国环境污染和能源短缺具有重大意义。

中文关键词： 离子液体；光电；CO2；还原；碳氢燃料

英文摘要： Photoelectrochemical reduction of CO2 using solar energy to produce hydrocarbon fuels such as methanol and methane is a novel approach to address global warming caused by CO2 discharge and fossil fuel shortages.But the electrolytes used at present have the drawbace such as low CO2 solubility and low conductivity. The desirable advantages of ionic liquids such as efficient absorption of CO2, high conductivity, wide electrochemical window, photo and thermal stability have made them exceptional solvents and electrolytes for photoelectrochemical reduction of CO2. This project first uses ionic liquids as solvents and electrolytes for CO2 photoelectrochemical reduction. The effect of ionic liquid structure on the rate and selectivity of products such as methanol and methane will be investigated.The structure-efficiency relationship between the inoic liquid structure and photoelectrochemical reduction efficiency will be achieved. The mechanism of photoelectrochemical reduction of CO2 will also be deliberated to further improve the conversion efficiency and selectivity.The use of combination of n- and p-type semicondutors,and the illumination of both electrodes,will result in solar driven photoelctrochemical system for reduction of CO2 not requiring an external bias. This project will provide scientific basis for cycl

英文关键词： ionic liquid；photoelectrochemical；CO2；reduction；hydrocarbon fuels