骨-植入物界面生物功能设计与仿生微环境构建方法研究

项目名称： 骨-植入物界面生物功能设计与仿生微环境构建方法研究

项目编号： No.51475293

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 李祥

作者单位： 上海交通大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 利用植入物重建缺损部位骨组织的结构和功能是现代骨科学的主要治疗手段。植入物的应用虽已取得极大成功，但是，长期临床应用亦暴露出不少问题，突出表现在异体反应、服役寿命等不能很好地满足临床应用的要求。其根本原因是植入物基本上以异物存在体内。调控植入物表面/界面对蛋白的吸附、进而细胞行为，是控制和引导其生物学反应、避免异体反应的关键。本项目拟设计一种宏观-微观-纳米分级结构植入物界面，在宏观层面上，设计三维孔隙结构，实现对新生组织的有效力学支撑，以及骨-植入物界面力学适配；在微纳尺度上，模拟细胞外基质的结构特征，在宏观孔隙内部构建仿生微环境；将生物活性分子融入微环境，形成可控缓释系统；通过生物活性分子和仿生微环境的协同作用，实现蛋白吸附和细胞行为的调控，诱导组织再生和重建，赋予植入物生物功能，提高其性能与服役寿命，从而改善患者的生活质量，为新一代硬组织外科植入物的开发与临床应用提供参考和理论依据。

中文关键词： 生物功能；仿生微环境；生物活性分子；协同调控

英文摘要： Using implant to reconstruct bone tissue structure and function is the main treatment for the modern science of bone. The application of orthopedic implant has achieved great success. However, the long-term clinical application also exposed many problems, especially in variant response, service life, etc. It cannot well meet the requirements of clinical application. The fundamental reason is that the implant exists in the body as a foreign body. The regulation of protein adsorption and cell behavior on implant surface/interface is the key to control and guide its biological reaction, avoiding foreign reaction. This project intends to design a kind of implant interface with macro- micro-nanometer hierarchical structure. At the macro level, the design of 3d pore structure can realize effective mechanical support for newly formed tissue, and bone- implant interface mechanics adaptation. In micro scale, the biomimetic microenvironment will be constructed within the macro pores according to the extracellular matrix structure characteristics. Blending bioactive molecules in microenvironment will be performed to form controlled release system. The synergy of bioactive molecules and biomimetic microenvironment will realize the regulation of protein adsorption and cell behavior, inducing tissue regeneration and reconstruction, and giving implant biological functions. The performance and service life will be improved. Thus the quality of life of patients will be improved. The results will be beneficial for the development and clinical application of a new generation of hard tissue surgical implants and can provide a reference and theoretical basis.

英文关键词： Biofunction;Biomimetic microenvironment;Bioactive molecules;Coordinated regulation