脉冲星时间尺度的噪声分析与处理

项目名称： 脉冲星时间尺度的噪声分析与处理

项目编号： No.U1531112

项目类型： 联合基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 童明雷

作者单位： 中国科学院国家授时中心

项目金额： 45万元

中文摘要： 毫秒脉冲星的自转极其稳定，这使脉冲星时间尺度的建立成为可能。毫秒脉冲星时间尺度是独立于原子时的另一种时间标准，具有长期稳定的优越性。而由多颗信号稳定的毫秒脉冲星可以建立综合脉冲星时，其稳定性更高。脉冲星时间尺度建立的过程中会有各种各样的噪声，包括脉冲星计时噪声、引力波的干扰、太阳系历表误差的影响等等。本项目将分析影响脉冲星时间尺度建立的主要噪声源并找出合理的消除或减弱各类噪声的处理方法，同时尝试找出建立综合脉冲星时的最佳算法。随着大型射电望远镜的相继投入运行，脉冲星的观测精度日益提高，越来越多的观测数据也会相继释放，这为脉冲星时间尺度的建立提供了有利条件。脉冲星时间尺度将为脉冲星深空自主导航提供重要的研究基础，满足我国战略需求。

中文关键词： 脉冲星计时；引力波；计时噪声；时间尺度

英文摘要： The rotation of millisecond pulsars is extremely stable, which makes the construction of pulsar time scale be possible. Millisecond pulsar time scale is one kind of time standard independent of atomic time scale, and it has the superiority of long-time stability. Multiple millisecond pulsars with stable signals can be used to construct ensemble pulsar time, which has much stability. There are various noises of in the processes of constructing pulsar time scale, including the timing noise from rotation irregularities of pulsars, perturbations of gravitational waves, the effect of the solar ephemeris errors and so on. In this project, we will analyze the main noise sources which affect the construction of pulsar time scale, find the reasonable processing method to eliminate or suppress the various noises, and try to find the optimal algorithm of the construction of ensemble pulsar time scale. Along with the running of more and more big telescopes, the observational precision is increasing, and more and more data will be released subsequently. All of these would provide advantages for the construction of pulsar time scale. Pulsar time scale will provide research basis for the pulsar autonomous navigation in deep space, and it satisfies the strategic requirement of China.

英文关键词： pulsar timing ;gravitational waves ;timing noise;time scale