守时原子钟性能缺陷改善方法研究

项目名称： 守时原子钟性能缺陷改善方法研究

项目编号： No.11473029

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 屈俐俐

作者单位： 中国科学院国家授时中心

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 目前，全球绝大多数时间实验室的守时原子钟主要由氢原子钟和铯原子钟组成。氢原子钟具有良好的短稳特性，一般作为UTC(k)的频率源，提供高品质的物理输出信号；铯原子钟有良好的长期稳定性，主要用于守时实验室UTC(k)长期性能的保持。由于物理结构及其自身工作特性，氢原子钟存在频率漂移效应，从而使氢原子钟的长期稳定度随着时间的推移不断降低；铯原子钟的长期性能非常稳定，而短期稳定度与氢原子钟相比低一个量级。 本课题利用国家授时中心时频基准重点实验室现有的原子钟资源及相关时频设备，基于理论研究与实验分析，获得氢原子钟频率漂移和铯原子钟频率波动的规律；在数学建模的基础上结合实测数据，提出软硬件相结合的原子钟物理输出信号品质改善方法。该方法在不改变氢原子钟短稳特性的同时，使其长稳性能与铯钟相当；在保持铯原子钟长稳性能的同时，短期稳定性提高半个量级。

中文关键词： 时间频率；原子钟；信号处理；相位噪声；协调世界时

英文摘要： Study on the Improving Methods of the Atomic Clock Performance At present, the hydrogen mase and the cesium clock are two kinds of mainly, continuously operating atomic clocks for time keeping in most of time laboratories all over the world. As all well known, the hydrogen mase has excellent shortly stable peculiarity, so it is selected as frequency source of UTC(k) to output high qualily physical signals. While the cesium clock is usually used to keep the long-stability of UTC(k) with its upstanding long-stability. Because of its physical structure and operating characteristic, the hydrogen mase has visible frequency drift which makes its long-stability gradually fall with time. Although the long peculiarity of the cesium clock is very stable, its short-stability is lower one amount than the hydrogen mase at least. This project will use the atomic clock resources and relative time-frequency facilities in the key laboratory of time and frequency primary standards, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and pass through theoretical researches and experimental analysis to put forward two methods. The first method is to improve the long-stability of the hydrogen mase which corresponds with the cesium clock's one, while its short-stability is immovable. The second one is to meliorate the cesium clock's short peculiarity with inherent long-stability.

英文关键词： time and frequency;atomic clock;signal processing;phase noise;UTC