薄壁构件镜像加工刚度补偿支撑机构设计方法研究

项目名称： 薄壁构件镜像加工刚度补偿支撑机构设计方法研究

项目编号： No.51305256

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 赵勇

作者单位： 上海交通大学

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 镜像加工装备是一种用于薄壁构件铣削制造的新装备，其中加工机构和支撑机构分别在被加工构件两侧"镜像"布置，在被加工构件不同曲率、壁厚处的加工精度一致性是镜像加工面临的问题。主要原因在于：支撑机构末端为满足沿被加工构件法向支撑，在构件不同曲率处机构位姿不同，沿被加工构件的法向刚度在各加工位置处无法做到近似恒等，造成加工变形的不一致。加工过程中运动位姿要求和等刚度支撑要求的矛盾是现有镜像支撑机构设计的主要问题。 本项目提出引入冗余驱动调整机构末端刚度的思路，以实现在不影响支撑机构位姿实现能力情况下的末端刚度补偿。建立冗余驱动支链特征参数与机构末端刚度变化的映射关系，揭示冗余驱动支链对机构末端刚度的补偿机理；提出镜像加工支撑机构与加工机构刚度匹配设计方法，形成面向末端刚度性能的冗余驱动镜像支撑机构设计方法。项目成果有望为镜像铣削装备支撑机构设计提供理论基础和方法指导。

中文关键词： 镜像加工系统；薄壁构件；并联机构；冗余驱动；刚度优化设计

英文摘要： Mirror milling machine is new equipment for the manufacturing of large thin-walled part, of which the machining and the supporting mechanisms are located on the sides of the part. Due to the variety of the part's geometric parameters, such as wall thickness and curvature, the consistence of precision in machining the parts with various wall thickness and curvature is still an unsolved problem for the existing mirror milling machine. The curvature changes with the machining region on the part, so the supporting mechanism is always located in the definite configuration to guarantee the normal supporting. Meanwhile, the distribution of stiffness of the supporting mechanism is also definite, but it is hard to achieve the approximate identical stiffness in the normal at different machining regions. The main problem in the design of supporting mechanisms of existing mirror milling machine lies in the contradiction of the requirements of geometric postures and identical stiffness in the normal. The main idea in the proposal is to introduce redundant actuation in the design of supporting mechanism, to achieve the stiffness compensation with little influence on the posture capability. The mapping between the characteristic parameters of redundant actuation and the variety of stiffness performance of the supporting mechan

英文关键词： mirror milling system；thin-walled structure；parallel mechanism；redundant acutation；stiffness optimal design