高功率有序纳米孔富锂层状氧化物正极材料制备及其电极动力学研究

项目名称： 高功率有序纳米孔富锂层状氧化物正极材料制备及其电极动力学研究

项目编号： No.21473014

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 分析化学

项目作者： 李东林

作者单位： 长安大学

项目金额： 79万元

中文摘要： 针对富锂层状氧化物正极材料倍率性能和循环稳定性差的问题，创制这种材料的有序纳米孔和复合结构，使其拥有高功率、高能量和稳定的循环性能。首先在原子层次进行化学掺杂，提高晶格导电性，再在纳米和微米层次上构筑纳活性纳米晶/导电相复合结构和有序纳米孔结构，进一步提高功率密度，改善循环稳定性。基于有序纳米孔结构，重点研究材料的电池电极动力学，深入探究高功率载荷下电极反应过程中以锂离子和电子传输为主的充放电机制、固态相变、力学行为和表面效应等物理化学现象；从原子到微纳米层次，系统地研究材料结构与电化学性能的关系。其次，发展制备有序纳米孔晶态材料的软模纳米铸造方法。期望创制出高功率高能量长寿命的富锂层状氧化物正极材料，在电池电极反应动力学和高功率有序纳米孔正极材料制备科学等前沿获得新进展, 为发展高功率锂离子动力电池提供理论基础。

中文关键词： 锂离子电池；正极材料；多孔结构；富锂层状氧化物；倍率性能

英文摘要： In order to attack the problems on the poor rate capability and cyclability of Li-rich layered oxides as cathode materials, we plans to create an ordered nanoporous configution and composite structures in these materials Firstly, we will try to improve the conductivity of the active crystals by chemical doping. Then we will build up a fine nano-architecture at the micro-nano scale, forming ordered nanoporous active nanocrystal/conductive phasenanocomposites so as to further improve their energy and power densities, as well as cyclability. Based on the ordered nanoporous configuration, we will carefully study the electrode kinetics of the Li-rich layered oxides, and disclose the physical and chemical phenomena during electrode reaction in a cell, including charge/discharge mechanism associated with Li-ion and electron transport, solid phase transition, mechanics behaviors and surface effects for the Li-rich layered materials at high rates , and systematically study the dependence of the energy storage performances of the materials on their structures on atomic, micro and nano-sacles. In addition, we will develop soft-template nanocasting approach on synthesizing ordered nanoporous materials with a crystalline framework. We expect to obtain Li-rich layered oxide with high-power, high-energy and long-life as a cathode for lithium ion batteries, gaining new insights into the key factors that are associated with electrode kinetics, along with synthesis of ordered nanoporous materials, which can be used to direct improvements in high-power lithium ion batteries.

英文关键词： lithium ion battery;cathode materials;porous structure;Li-rich layered oxides;rate capability