新疆典型露天煤矿区土壤风蚀研究

项目名称： 新疆典型露天煤矿区土壤风蚀研究

项目编号： No.41461056

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 曹月娥

作者单位： 新疆大学

项目金额： 55万元

中文摘要： 本项目以温带大陆性干旱气候区的新疆准东煤田为研究区,利用多源遥感与GIS技术，结合野外观测土壤风蚀因子，建立基于遥感的土壤风蚀估算模型；测定土壤中的铯-137活度并计算土壤侵蚀模数，结合遥感与GIS技术，估算准东煤田土壤风蚀量；同时，应用测钎法、集沙仪（配备风蚀通量传感器）、铁板法、降尘缸、风沙粒子监测系统（WES）等传统方法进行验证前两种方法的精度，以此估算干旱荒漠地区土壤风蚀量,探索定量研究新疆环境相似地区风蚀过程的方法；同时对准东煤田露天煤矿的开采活动新增土壤风蚀量进行估算，为新疆类似环境下露天煤矿水土流失治理提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 风蚀；遥感监测；同位素技术；土壤风蚀监测

英文摘要： The wind erosion study will be launched in the Zhundong coalfield because of the typical temperate continental arid climate and the enormous destructive to the ecological environment. Using multi-source remote sensing and GIS technology, combined with field observations of soil wind factors, the soil wind erosion estimation model will be established. The specific activity of 137Cs will be measured to calculate soil erosion modulus, and the multi-source remote sensing and GIS technology will be used to estimate the soil wind, while sand trap (with wind erosion flux sensor), the iron law, cylinder dust, sand ion monitoring system (WES) and other traditional methods will be applied to verify the accuracy of the two former method. We want to estimate the amount of soil erosion in arid desert regions, trying to find quantitative research methods to the similar region in Xinjiang，and to estimate the amount of additional erosion of surface mining, which is expected to provide scientific basis for Xinjiang opencast soil erosion research.

英文关键词： wind erosion;remote sensing;isotope technology;Soil erosion monitoring