高风电渗透率孤立电网的运行与控制方法研究

项目名称： 高风电渗透率孤立电网的运行与控制方法研究

项目编号： No.51477122

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 电工技术

项目作者： 徐箭

作者单位： 武汉大学

项目金额： 76万元

中文摘要： 结合我国西部地区电力需求的快速增长以及风电资源的闲置浪费的现状，本项目探讨了一种新的风电就地消纳模式，作为大规模风电远距离传输的补充。通过研究本地高耗能负荷与风电的互补性，构建风电、常规电源和高耗能负荷互补运行的高风电渗透率孤立电网。高风电渗透率孤立电网运行区别于传统大电网运行的关键特征在于高风电渗透率导致的平衡点大范围随机漂移以及孤立电网的小惯量特性。本项目将风电功率波动分解为期望值和预测误差，通过优化调度，调整常规机组来跟踪风电功率的期望值，在保证孤立电网频率和电压前提下，实现弃风最小以及燃料成本最小。通过对风电功率预测误差部分的分布特性、边界特性的研究，对系统频率偏差和电压偏差进行预测，并根据预测结果进行频率电压调节，保证孤立电网的电能质量。紧急情况下，将高耗能负荷引入到孤立电网控制中来，综合考虑孤立电网频率与电压的相互作用，提出频率电压协调控制以最大程度消纳风电的新思路。

中文关键词： 风电；高耗能负荷；孤立电网；优化运行；协调控制

英文摘要： Combined with the rapid growth of the power demand in western region of China and the present situation of wind power resources waste, a new wind power utility mode, as a supplement of large scale wind power remote transmission, is discussed. By researching on the complementarity of high energy-consuming loads and wind power, an isolated power grid with high-level wind power penetration is constructed, in which wind power, conventional power and high energy-consuming loads are in complementary operation. The key features that the isolated power grid with high-level wind power penetration distinguishing from the traditional power grid can be detailed in two aspects, the one is the balance randomly drifting in a wide range, the other is the small inertia characteristic. The characteristic of wind power fluctuating is decomposed into expectation value and forecast error in this project. The outputs of conventional generators are regulated to follow the expectation value of wind power through optimal operation. The operation aim is to realize the minimum wind power curtailments and minimum fuel costs in addition to maintain the frequency and voltage quality of the isolated power grid. Based on the research of distribution profiles and edge profiles of wind power forecast errors, the frequency deviations and voltage deviations of the isolated power grid are predicted. The frequency and voltage regulation strategies are applied to maintain the power quality of the isolated power grid. In emergency, the control of high-energy consuming loads are employed to balance the isolated power grid. By considering the interaction of frequency and voltage in the isolated power grid, a new idea that the active and reactive power control coordinately to utilize the wind power to the maximum is proposed.

英文关键词： wind power;high energy-consuming load;isolated power grid;optimal operation;coordinated control