H1N2亚型重排流感病毒致病与传播特性的分子机制研究

项目名称： H1N2亚型重排流感病毒致病与传播特性的分子机制研究

项目编号： No.31302108

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 陈艳

作者单位： 中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 动物流感病毒危害着人类健康，2009年4月全球暴发了人甲型H1N1流感，其病原为"人-禽-猪"三重组病毒的H1N1猪流感病毒（SIV），目前已经成为我国北方地区季节性人流感优势毒株，在我国猪群中已定植，为甲型H1N1流感病毒提供了六个基因片段的H1N2亚型SIV又有着怎样的生物学特性，基因重排后的H1N2 SIV是否获得了新的致病力和传播能力尚未可知。本研究选用近年来实验室分离到多株进化起源不同多亚型或多基因型重排特征的H1N2 SIV利用小鼠、豚鼠、雪貂等动物模型研究各株重排病毒的致病力及其传播的能力；用反向遗传操作技术拯救不同亚型/多基因重配的H1N2 SIVs通过动物实验筛选出获得跨宿主传播能力的基因型；利用点突变技术探索其获得跨宿主传播能力的分子机制。本课题的完成不仅为我国的动物流感防控提供科学依据同时也将为人类防控存在潜在流感大流行的新病毒提供预警。

中文关键词： H1N2亚型；流感病毒；致病性；豚鼠；传播性

英文摘要： Animal influenza viruses pose a clear threat to public health, The pandemic A/H1N1 (pH1N1) influenza viruses emerged in April 2009, and transmitted efficiently in the human population ,The genome of this virus is a product of "human-avain-swine" triple reassortant swine-origin influenza virus, has become North of China predominated strain of human seasonal influenza, establish in pigs in China. The pH1N1virus 6 gene segments came from the North American triple reassortant swine virus (TRS), However, the molecular aspects of influenza virus pathogenic and transmission remain poorly understood. In this study we select different subtype and multiple genetic lineages reassortant H1N2 SIV strains with mice, guinea pigs or ferrets model to evaluate their pathogenicity and transmissibility. Transmissibility among humans is a prerequisite for a novel influenza virus to cause a human pandemic，use reverse genetic technique to rescue reassortant H1N2 viruses with point mutation in the cross-host-barrier strains to explore the cross-host-barrier transmission molecular mechanism of the reassortant H1N2 virus. In this study provide important insights for monitoring for swine influenza in China and evaluating the pandemic potential of field influenza viruses.

英文关键词： H1N2 type；influenza virus；pathogenicity；Guinea pigs；transmissibility