高效可溶液加工卟啉小分子有机太阳电池的研究

项目名称： 高效可溶液加工卟啉小分子有机太阳电池的研究

项目编号： No.51473053

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 彭小彬

作者单位： 华南理工大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 溶液加工有机太阳电池(OSCs)具有质轻、适应性好和可印刷等优点，其研究是近几年来的国际热点之一。与聚合物相比，有机小分子具有确定的分子式和分子量、更容易被纯化和各批次的差异小等优点，因此在溶液加工OSCs应用方面更具潜力。卟啉的化学结构与叶绿素相似，但目前报道的基于卟啉及其衍生物OSCs的能量转换效率普遍偏低。本项目分析了影响基于卟啉活性材料的太阳电池性能的因素，提出了设计和合成共轭给-受体卟啉分子体系以提高分子内电荷迁移的分子设计思路，再通过改善薄膜状态下分子之间的自组装及形貌以提高分子间的电荷传输、通过调控材料对光的吸收以及研究不同的金属离子对卟啉配合物的光电性能影响等，进一步提高材料的光电性能，揭示高效卟啉小分子溶液加工OSCs材料的分子设计规律；最后通过对光伏器件进行优化，获得高能量转换效率的小分子OSCs材料和器件，为OSCs的基础研究和未来的应用研究做出贡献。

中文关键词： 有机太阳能电池；有机半导体；有机光电材料；溶液加工；卟啉

英文摘要： Solution processed organic solar cells (OSCs) have attracted extensive attention due to the advantages of light weight, flexible and simple preparation including spin-coating, inkjet-printing and fast/cheap roll-to-roll production et al. Small molecules for solution processed bulk heterojunction (BHJ) OSCs are very attractive for several advantages such as defined molecular structure and molecular weight, high purity, and less batch-to-batch variations superior to their polymer counterparts, thus showing a very promising future in large-scale OSC applications. As the derivatives of chlorophylls, porphyrins and their derivatives have great potential in organic photovoltaic (OPV) studies and applications, but the reported power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of the OSCs based on these materials usually were very low. We analyzed the factors which effect the PCEs of the OSCs based on porphyrin active materials reported previously, and in this project we will design and synthesize π-conjugated donor-acceptor (D-A) porphyrin small molecules by simultaneously introducing electron-withdrawing units and acetylene bonds between porphyrin unit and the acceptor units to make the acceptor unites conjugated to the porphyrin unit and therefore to expand the π-conjugation of the whole molecules, tune the optical bandgaps and energy levels, and facilitate the intramolecular charge transfer. We will also intensify the absorption of the conjugated D-A porphyrins to absorb more light, and modify the substituents at a porphyrin unit or its acceptor units to optimize the solubility and the intermolecular self-assembly to improve the intermolecular charge transportation in film. By taking the advantage that a free-base porphyrin is able to coordinate with different metal ions, we will also synthesize different metalloporphyrin complexes to explore the relationship between the OPV properties and the metal ions to further improve the PCEs of the OPV devices based on these solution-processable porphyrin small molecules. We hope to disclose the principles how to design high performance porphyrin OPV materials from several aspects of molecular designs. From the point of device optimization, we will also optimize the morphology of the bulk heterojunction, the structures of the OPV devices and the characters of the multi-interlayers to achieve high efficient charge separation, charge transportation and charge collection to further enhance the performance of the solution processed BHJ OSCs.In brief, by simultaneously optimizing the chemical structures of the porphyrin OPV materials and the engineering of the OPV devices, we will achieve high performance OPV materials and devices and make contributions to the basic studies on OSCs and their applications in future.

英文关键词： Organic solar cells;Organic semiconductor;Organic optoelectronic materials;Solution processable;Porphyrin