深空探测雷达载荷数据压缩方法与实现关键技术研究

项目名称： 深空探测雷达载荷数据压缩方法与实现关键技术研究

项目编号： No.U1531141

项目类型： 联合基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 刘小军

作者单位： 中国科学院电子学研究所

项目金额： 45万元

中文摘要： 深空探测（火星、小行星探测等）任务中，雷达载荷作为重要的载荷之一，被搭载于环绕器或巡视器中，用于获取被探测地外星体的次表层以下地质结构和分层等信息。按通常情况计算，雷达的平均数据率（未压缩）大于2Mbps，相机的平均数据率比雷达还要大，以火星探测为例，卫星有效的下行数据传输能力约为1-2Mbps，下行数据传输能力的限制成为影响科学数据获取的重要瓶颈。如何采用有效的数据压缩方法，在无损或者低损的情况下压缩数据量成为解决传输瓶颈的重要途径。.相机获取的图像数据压缩方法已经比较成熟，但该方法对相关性较弱的雷达数据的适用性不强。本课题将提出一种深空探测雷达载荷的数据压缩方法，在无损或者低损的情况下数据压缩率达到2-3倍，并采用硬件进行工程实现验证。本课将探索解决深空探测雷达载荷数据编码压缩的若干关键技术，为即将开展的深空探测任务提供雷达数据压缩技术手段。

中文关键词： 深空探测；星载雷达；穿透探测雷达；雷达信号处理；数据压缩

英文摘要： As one of the important payloads，penetrating radar is mounted on an orbiter or a rover for obtaining subsurface of planets being detected to get the subsurface geological structure and stratification information..Usually, for Deep Space Mission (Mars, Asteroids, etc.), the average data rate for uncompressed radar is greater than 2Mbps, and the camera even has a greater data rate. For example, for Mars exploration, the effective satellite downlink data transmission capacity for radar is of about 1-2Mbps. The limited downlink data rate limits the ability of the important scientific data being transmitted to the earth. So how to use effective data compression method to reduce the dimensions of the data in a lossless or low-loss situation has become an important way to solve the transmission bottleneck..The compression algorithms for the image data with camera data have already been mature. However, these methods with respect to the optical images have a poor adaptive ability for the radar data with more weak data correlation when compared with optical image data. In this proposal, we will present a Deep Space Mission radar payload data compression method with a 2-3 compression ratio for lossless or near-loss compression and design an efficient hardware implementation scheme. The completion of this project will achieve some key technologies for Deep Space Mission radar data compression and these key technologies will provide effective data compression coding technology for the upcoming Deep Space Mission.

英文关键词： Deep Space Mission;Airborne Radar;Penetrating Radar;Radar Signal Processing;Data Compression