项目名称: 第四周期金属参与的二氧化碳分子活化及其转化反应研究
项目编号: No.21472106
项目类型: 面上项目
立项/批准年度: 2015
项目学科: 数理科学和化学
项目作者: 席婵娟
作者单位: 清华大学
项目金额: 95万元
中文摘要: 二氧化碳(CO2)作为一种廉价易得、储量丰富的可再生碳资源吸引了各国化学家们的浓厚兴趣,经过近十几年的研究,二氧化碳化学的基础研究和应用研究取得了较大的发展,尤其是过渡金属的参与降低了CO2分子的活化能,促进了CO2化学较大发展。尽管如此,CO2化学研究还只是处在一个起步阶段,仍然面临巨大挑战。本项目旨在利用第四周期金属(如Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu等)有机试剂,探索操作简单,性质温和,快速高效的CO2转化的新反应。通过对底物分子设计,在温和的反应条件下将更多的普通底物分子直接引入到CO2化学转化中去;通过调配配体对金属中心的电子效应和配体的空间效应,实现金属有机化合物对CO2参与的高效以及高选择性化学转化,建立廉价金属有机化合物促进CO2活化新方法。通过对反应机理展开研究,实现从分子层面上对CO2活化反应的设计及控制,为未来CO2化学全面走向工业化增加一些理论基础。
中文关键词: 过渡金属;过渡金属催化;二氧化碳活化;碳氢活化;有机合成化学
英文摘要: Carbon dioxide (CO2) as a cheap, readily available, abundant and renewable carbon resource has attracted great interest of chemists around the world. After decades of study, basic and applied researches in carbon chemistry have achieved rapidly, particularly use of the transition metals as catalyst or promoter. Nevertheless, CO2 chemistry study nowadays is still at an early stage and faces enormous challenges. First, the substrate molecules are defined in certain active molecules and the general molecules are less studied. Second, some expensive transition-metals, such as Pd, Ru, and Rh, are used. Thirdly, flammable organometallic reagents (such as organolithium, Grignard reagent, Et2Zn, and so on) are used in the catalytic process. Furthermore, the catalysts are hard to be recycled. All these problems are difficult to be solved.This project aims to employ cheap and available metals, such as Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, and Cu for activation and transformation of CO2 molecule. In addition,combination of C-H activation and CO2 fixation achives the synthesis of complex molecules. Furthermore, the reaction mechanism will be investigated.
英文关键词: Transition metal;Transition metal catalysis;Activation of carbon dioxide;C-H functionalization;Organic synthesis