二维胶体晶体重熔与结晶可视化研究及大面积二维单晶胶体晶体的制备方法探索

项目名称： 二维胶体晶体重熔与结晶可视化研究及大面积二维单晶胶体晶体的制备方法探索

项目编号： No.11472275

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 蓝鼎

作者单位： 中国科学院力学研究所

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 随着二维胶体晶体相关应用技术，如胶体球刻蚀的发展，制备高质量的二维单晶胶体晶体成为研究者努力的方向。理论分析表明，二维结构材料不存在长程平移有序性，但存在长程取向序，这使得制备高度有序的二维胶体晶体成为可能。现有的熔化-结晶理论表明在二维胶体晶体熔化过程中会产生中间相（如六角相），结晶时中间相的转变与结晶条件有关。然而，到目前为止，中间相在结晶过程中的形核机制并不清楚。本项目以显微观察为主要手段，研究气液界面自组装胶体晶体重熔过程中局域结构的形成及演化过程，以及不同局域结构的结晶形核过程。探讨六角相等中间相在二维胶体液体形核过程中的作用。同时，寻求改善二维胶体晶体质量的方法，以期获得大面积、高质量的二维胶体单晶。

中文关键词： 二维晶体；重熔与结晶；胶体晶体；可视化研究

英文摘要： With the development of application technology about two dimensional (2D) colloidal crystal ,such as the colloidal nanosphere lithography, preparation of high-quality 2D colloidal crystals become the direction of the effort to the researchers. Theoretical analysis shows that there is no 2D long-range structural translational order, but long-range orientational order exists, which makes the preparation of highly ordered 2D colloidal crystals as possible. Existing melting - crystallization theory suggests that in 2D colloidal crystals， melting process will produce an mesophase (such as hexatic phase). The crystallization conditions influence the transition of the mesophase during crystallization. However, so far, the role of the intermediate phase during crystallization is not clear. The project study, with the means of Microscopic observations, the formation and evolution of the local structure during the remelting of the self-assembled colloidal crystal on the water surface, as well as crystalline nucleation process with different local structures. At the same time, seeking the methods to improve the quality of 2D colloidal crystal and hoping to obtain a large area, high-quality 2D colloidal single crystal.

英文关键词： two-dimensional crystal;remelting and crystallization;colloidal crystal;visualization study