非生物胁迫诱导玉米、高粱F1杂交种和自交系亲本DNA甲基化表观遗传变异的比较研究

项目名称： 非生物胁迫诱导玉米、高粱F1杂交种和自交系亲本DNA甲基化表观遗传变异的比较研究

项目编号： No.30870198

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 轻工业、手工业

项目作者： 张美善

作者单位： 吉林农业大学

项目金额： 32万元

中文摘要： 本项目按研究计划完成。获资助后按照计划任务书对提出的3项研究内容开展了研究工作，主要以玉米、高粱F1杂交种及其自交系亲本为材料，综合运用多种DNA甲基化的检测方法，系统研究了在各种非生物胁迫条件下植物应答胁迫的遗传和表观遗传学机制，取得了多项有新意的研究结果。主要发现点如下：（1）低剂量激光辐射和NO胁迫能够诱导高粱基因组DNA甲基化水平和模式的可遗传变异。（2）在组织培养胁迫条件下玉米、高粱F1杂交种与纯系亲本表现出明显不同的遗传和表观遗传稳定性。（3）胁迫诱导的遗传变异和DNA甲基化变异与某些基因的特异表达或优先表达有一定关系。此外，本项目还在DNA甲基化在植物发育过程中的动态变化方面开展了研究，并取得较好进展。本项目的研究结果为进一步揭示DNA甲基化状态与其"诱导表达"以及和"逆境适应性"之间的关系、基因组表观遗传稳定性和变异与作物耐逆性杂种优势之间的可能关系提供新的依据。本项目完成了既定计划和指标，发表标注本项目资助的SCI论文5篇，培养研究生3人。

中文关键词： 非生物胁迫；表观遗传变异；DNA甲基化；F1杂交种；亲本

英文摘要： Using maize and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) inter-strain F1 hybrids and their parental pure lines series of studies were conducted, including genetic and epigenetic mechanism in plants under abiotic stress, by multiple methods of DNA methylation detetion. Major accomplishments of this project include: (1) Abiotic stress such as low-dose laser irradiation and NO were able to induce alterations in DNA methylation level and pattern in sorghum individual plants. (2) Comparing a pair of sorghum reciprocal F1 hybrids with their parental pure lines revealed a dramatic difference in the occurrence of both genetic and DNA methylation alterations in the respective regenerated plants. (3) These Stress-induced genetic variation and DNA methylation variation were associated with gene speci?c or -preferential expression to some extent. In addition, we explored the dynamics of DNA methylation in plant development. These results have provided new evidences to demonstrate relationship among DNA methylation changes under various abiotic stress conditions, "stress-induced gene expression" and the "stress adaptation", and the association between epigenetic genome stability and stress tolerance of heterosis.

英文关键词： abiotic stress; epigenetic variation; DNA methylation; F1 hybrid; parental line