纳米电化学逻辑器件及其在前列腺癌早期诊断中的应用

项目名称： 纳米电化学逻辑器件及其在前列腺癌早期诊断中的应用

项目编号： No.31470960

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 左小磊

作者单位： 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 癌症的发生发展是一个异常复杂的过程，关系到多种标志物的产生与浓度变化，因此，基于单一靶标的癌症检测已经不能满足癌症早期诊断的要求。为了解决这一难题，本项目从根本界面问题出发，利用DNA纳米技术，设计不同维度的纳米结构，对生物分子识别界面以及生物分子自组装进行纳米尺度调控，以提高生物传感器对癌症靶标（抗原和微小RNA等）的识别效率和识别速度，进而提升传感器的整体性能。利用各种先进技术（包括石英晶体微天平，表面等离子共振，原子力显微镜等）， 对整个过程的物理化学机制，热力学以及动力学进行测定和表征。在纳米尺度调控的基础上，设计多输入的纳米电化学逻辑器件，实现多靶标联合检测和癌症的逻辑诊断。最终应用于实际癌症病例的检测，提高前列腺癌的早期诊断率。

中文关键词： 逻辑器件；生物传感器；DNA纳米技术；生物分析；癌症诊断

英文摘要： Since the occurrence and the development of cancers are highly complicated, the expression of multiple cancer biomarkers that indicate cancers change in this process. Hence, the traditional cancer detection methods with low diagnostic rate that rely only on single biomarker cannot meet the requirments of cancer early detection. In order to overcome this problem, in this project, we focus on the bottleneck problem that hampers the development of biosensors. We precisely regulate the bio-recognition interface and the self assembly of bioprobes by using DNA nanotechnology. Based on the precisely nanoscale regulation, the recognition efficiency and recognition speed can be greatly improved in the detection of antigens and microRNAs, and thus, the overall performance of the biosensors can be improved.In the process, we employ some advanced techniques, such as Quartz Crystal Microbalance,Surface Plasmon Resonance, and Atomic Force Microscopy, to investigate the physicochemical mechanisms,thermodynamics and kinetics.Then, based on the DNA nanotechnology and nanoscale regulation, we design nano electrochemical devices with multiple inputs and realize the detection of multiple biomarkers and early cancer diagnosis. Finally, the laogic devices are employed to analyze the real patients' samples to improve the diagnostic rate.

英文关键词： Logic Device;Biosensor;DNA Nanotechnology;Bio-analysis;Cancer Diagnosis