基于GNSS信号极化特性的降雨强度反演及仿真技术研究

项目名称： 基于GNSS信号极化特性的降雨强度反演及仿真技术研究

项目编号： No.41505016

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 王迎强

作者单位： 中国人民解放军国防科技大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）作为空间技术领域的重大成果之一，不仅提供了导航定位和精确授时信息，也为异源大气海洋遥感提供了覆盖全球、源源不断的L波段信号资源。近年来，基于GNSS信号的大气温湿廓线、海面风场、电离层电子密度总量等大气海洋空间环境遥感技术一直受到普遍关注。本项目探索研究基于GNSS信号极化特性参数（交叉极化分辨和极化相移）反演降雨强度的机理、方法，并开展相关仿真实验研究。首先，根据非球形雨滴模型并结合雨滴谱分布，基于非球形粒子散射算法，建立描述GNSS信号极化特性参数与降雨强度之间的前向模型。其次，利用GNSS信号极化特性参数研究具体的优化算法，实现降雨强度的反演。本项目探索的降雨强度实时、连续、全球探测新技术，对于拓展GNSS信号在大气海洋环境遥感领域的应用具有重要意义。

中文关键词： GNSS信号；极化特性；降雨强度；前向模型；反演算法

英文摘要： The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), as one of the most important achievements in the space information domain, not only provides the accurate navigation and timing information, but also offers global coverage L-band microwave signals for the atmospheric and ocean remote sensing. In recent years, the atmosphere ocean and space environmental remote sensing technology such as atmospheric temperature and moisture profiles, sea surface wind field, total electron content etc. based on the GNSS signals has been widespread concern. This project researches the mechanism, method and simulation experiments of the retrieval of rain rate based on the polarimetric features (cross-polarization discrimination and polarimetric phase shift) of GNSS signals. Firstly, according to a non-spherical raindrops model and raindrop size distribution, the forward models between the polarimetric features and rain rate are established based on the non-spherical particle scattering algorithm. Secondly, the polarimetric features of GNSS signals are used and the specific optimization algorithms are studied to realize the retrieval of rain rate. The new technology of real-time, continuous, global detection of rain rate explored in this project is of great significance to the expansion of the application of GNSS signals in the field of remote sensing of the atmosphere-ocean environment.

英文关键词： GNSS signals;polarization characteristics ;rain rate;forward model;retrieval algorithm