梅雨期大别山地区中尺度涡旋的活动特征及演变机理研究

项目名称： 梅雨期大别山地区中尺度涡旋的活动特征及演变机理研究

项目编号： No.41205027

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 大气科学学科

项目作者： 傅慎明

作者单位： 中国科学院大气物理研究所

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 大别山地区是梅雨期江淮流域中尺度涡旋的重要源地，半数以上的大别山地区中尺度涡旋（简称大别山涡）引发了强降水，造成了严重的洪涝灾害，因而此类涡旋值得重点关注。我国对大别山涡的研究不多，且主要为个例研究，不够系统和深入，因而需要进一步开展研究。本项目拟采用NCEP/CFS资料，结合多种常规、非常规观测资料以及我国暴雨野外科学试验的外场资料较系统地研究2000-2011年梅雨期大别山涡的活动特征，进而对之分类，然后针对每类大别山涡采用合成分析与典型个例分析相结合的方法从共性和个性上较全面地揭示各类大别山涡的环境场条件、结构特征、发生发展演变机理、引发强降水的机制及与梅雨锋的相互作用。对比大别山涡与北美中尺度对流涡旋以及我国其他类中尺度涡旋的异同，建立以观测事实为基础的梅雨期各类大别山涡环境、结构、演变机理及引发降水的物理模型，从而为大别山涡暴雨的预报提供一定的科学依据，达到防灾、减灾的目的。

中文关键词： 中尺度涡旋；大别山涡；西南低涡；能量转换；涡度收支

英文摘要： Dabie mountain is an important source for mesoscale vortcices during the meiyu period. More than a half of the Dabie mountain vortices (DBV) produce heavy rainfall events, which sometimes cause severe floods in the Yangtze-Haihe River Basin, therefore the DBV should be paid special attention to. However, till now, studies on the DBV are not enough, besides, the researches on the DBV mainly focused on individual cases, thus a more comprehensive and thorough study is really necessary. This project application will firstly examine the activities of the DBVs during the meiyu period of 2000-2011 based on the NCEP/CFS data, routine observations, intensive observations, and the observations from the rainstorm scientific experiments; then classify the DBVs reasonably ; and finally make thorough studies on the environmental conditions, structure, maintaining and precipitation mechanisms of the DBV. Comparison between the DBV and the mesoscale convective vortex in North America as well as other kinds of mesoscale vortices in China will be made. An conceptual model of the DBV will be created based on the observations and results of dynamical diagnoses, which would be beneficial to the forecasting of heavy rainfall events associated with the DBVs.

英文关键词： Mesoscale vortex；Dabie vortex (DBV)；Southwest vortex；Energy conversion；Vorticity budget