生物质催化热解制备先进液体燃料中催化剂积碳行为及其调控研究

项目名称： 生物质催化热解制备先进液体燃料中催化剂积碳行为及其调控研究

项目编号： No.51306036

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 能源与动力工程

项目作者： 张会岩

作者单位： 东南大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 生物质在微孔沸石催化剂作用下热解制备先进液体燃料是最有前途的利用技术之一，但目前仍存在目标产物产率低，催化剂易于结焦失活等问题。这主要与催化剂的积碳形态有关：催化剂孔道内积碳形成的催化活性中心-"烃池"的好坏决定着生物质能否向目标产物高效转化，而表面积碳形成的结焦则会堵塞孔道导致其失活。本项目从催化剂的积碳行为出发，采用同位素示踪、分子模拟并结合多种现代分析方法研究烃池的形成、催化机理和演变规律，揭示烃池组分与产物之间的内在关联，构建包含积碳来源的动力学模型。提出一方面通过催化剂复方配伍和功能结构的络合调变以及高品质原料的预积碳优化孔道内"烃池"的组成，另一方面通过表面脱铝协同表面沉积方法弱化表面酸位点，减少结焦，实现提高目标产物产率和催化剂稳定性的研究思想。最终构建生物质催化热解制备先进液体燃料过程中微孔沸石催化剂积碳形成与调控的理论基础，为高效低结焦率催化剂的设计与制备提供科学参考。

中文关键词： 生物质；液体燃料；催化热解；积碳行为；调控机制

英文摘要： Biomass catalytic pyrolysis over zeolite catalysts with micropores is one of the most promising utilization technologies to produce advanced liquid fuels. However, there are some obstacles which limit its development, such as low target product yields and rapid deactivation of the catalysts because of coke formation. These problems are mainly relevant to the existing forms of carbon deposition on the catalyst. The carbon deposition in the pores of the catalysts forms the catalytic active centers (hydrocarbon pool) which determine the conversion efficiency of biomass to target products, whereas that on the surface of the catalysts would forms coke and result in deactivation of the catalysts. The carbon deposition behaviors of the catalysts is studied in this project, and then the formation of the hydrocarbon pool, its catalytic mechanism and evolution rules are investigated using isotopic tracing and molecular simulation and some advanced analysis methods. The relationship between the components of the hydrocarbon pool and product yields is disclosed. The carbon deposition kinetic models considering its source are built on the base of the above studies. On one hand, a good hydrocarbon pool is tried to form via carbon pre-depositing and the complex adjustments of compound compatibility and functional structure. On

英文关键词： Biomass；Liquid fuels；Catalytic pyrolysis；Carbon deposition behavior；Regulation mechanism