科尔沁沙地景观过程对降水波动的响应机制

项目名称： 科尔沁沙地景观过程对降水波动的响应机制

项目编号： No.41271193

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 常学礼

作者单位： 鲁东大学

项目金额： 75万元

中文摘要： 在半干旱地区，降水事件通常以波动的形式发生。对于半干旱地区的沙地景观而言，降水量脉动直接导致景观结构在年度内和年度间发生变化。理解降水资源波动的时间累积效应与斑块变化形式和景观过程的关系，是认识半干旱区景观过程的的重要方面。本项目以分布于半干旱地区的科尔沁沙地为研究区，以"3S"技术手段为支撑，从斑块动态和景观过程中对降水波动的响应机制入手，利用野外观测数据、遥感信息提取数据、空间分析方法以及数据综合分析等研究手段，探讨科尔沁沙地不同利用方式干扰景观自然放牧区、人工固沙区和围封保护区3种景观以及流动、半固定和固定3种斑块类型对降水波动的影响机制；在确定降水波动的最佳矢量表达和累加效应特征基础上，在景观和斑块尺度上揭示不同利用方式的沙地景观过程和主要斑块的变化特征对降水波动响应的时间尺度依赖特征。

中文关键词： 降水波动；景观变化；尺度效应；科尔沁沙地；

英文摘要： Precipitation events occur occasionally as pulse in semi-arid zone. Its fluctuation impacted on landscape structure change directly in seasonal and yearly scales in sandy land region. It is very important aspect to understand relationship between the precipitation fluctuation accumulative effect in temporal scale and the landscape process in patch and landscape scales. This proposal suggested that the landscape process of sand land would be drive by precipitation fluctuation in semi-arid zone. Then, the proposal selects Kerqin sand land as a case study area and employs "3S" technique to combine in field survey data and extracted data from remote sensing information to study mechanism of the landscape process response of precipitation in patch (including active sand dune, semi-fixed due, and fixed dune three categories) and landscape (including pasture area, artificial re-vegetation area, and fencing area three types) scales by using spatial analysis method and synthesized method. Consequently, the temporal scale depend characteristics of precipitation fluctuation should be study deeply based on best vector precipitation expression and accumulative precipitation fluctuation effect on the patch and landscape scales in different landuse landscapes.

英文关键词： Precipitation fluctuation；Landscape change；Scale effects；Horqin sandy land；