综合多特征的极化SAR灾害损毁建筑提取方法研究

项目名称： 综合多特征的极化SAR灾害损毁建筑提取方法研究

项目编号： No.41301477

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 陈启浩

作者单位： 中国地质大学（武汉）

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 充分利用极化SAR图像的多种特征，能更全面地描述灾区地物并准确提取损毁建筑，为灾情评估提供可靠依据。传统提取方法基于像素分析，难以全面综合多方面特征且易受噪声影响，提取精度受限。本项目采用对象分析思想，开展综合极化、统计分布和几何形状等多特征的SAR灾害损毁建筑提取方法研究。具体研究：1）顾及建筑取向角、地物反射对称性和城区植被特点，建立综合选择性去取向、螺旋体散射抑制和自适应体散射模型的极化目标模型分解方法，准确提取灾区目标的极化特征；2）基于分形网络演化算法，分别构建极化、统计分布及多特征综合的异质度描述，根据统计分布模型的参数估计等条件制定特征综合策略，建立综合多特征的极化SAR图像分割模型，构建分析对象；3）引入随机森林，研究基于对象的损毁建筑多特征综合提取及特征的重要性评价方法。项目的开展将完善极化SAR模型分解和信息提取的理论与方法，提升SAR灾害调查评估的分析能力。

中文关键词： 灾情评估；雷达遥感；损毁建筑提取；极化目标分解；分割

英文摘要： Accurate building damage information can provide a reliable basis for disaster assessment. Taking full advantage of the various features of polarimetric SAR images can describe the objects in disaster area more comprehensively and extract damaged building more accurately. Unlike the traditional information extraction methods based on pixels which difficultly integrate various features and are easily affected by multiplicative noise, the object-oriented method this paper will be exploit to study damaged building extraction methods using polarimetric SAR images, which can integrate the polarization, statistical distribution and geometry shape features. The specific research works can be organized as follows. Firstly, in order to take into account the building orientation angle, the target reflection symmetric and the characteristics of urban vegetation, a new polarimetric target model-based decomposition method will be established to extract the polarimetric features describing targets accurately in disaster areas through integrating selective de-orientation, helix scattering suppression and the adaptive volume scattering model. Secondly, we will construct the description of polarimetric heterogeneity, statistic distribution heterogeneity and synthesized multi-features heterogeneity respectively based on the fract

英文关键词： disaster evaluation；SAR；damaged buildings extraction；polarimetric target decomposition；segmentation