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[听力原文]
Intimate Hermit Crab Keeps Shell On
“So, I never really thought I’d study penis size, but I sorta stumbled on this topic.”
Mark Laidre, a biologist at Dartmouth College.
Laidre travels to Costa Rica to study hermit crabs, a species called Coenobita compressus. These land crabs do some interior remodeling of their adopted shells: they extensively hollow them out, removing struts called spiral columella, to give themselves some extra elbow room. The renovation renders the shells more precious to their owners—and to other covetous crustaceans as well.
“These more valuable shells, though, are also more easily stolen, since without the spiral columella inside the shell to grip onto, individuals are pretty liable to have their property snatched from them. Particularly when they are engaged in other activities, like copulation, which requires coming partway out of the shell.”
Despite his work in the field, it wasn’t until Laidre was wandering through a museum that he noticed something about his favorite crabs.
“The really striking thing was that Coenobita compressus, the one whose social behavior I’d been studying for so many years, had an unusually large penis. In fact, bigger than any of the other species.”
The observation gave him an idea, which he dubbed the “private parts for private property” hypothesis.
“In essence, the hypothesis posits that…[read more]
护家的同时也能安心交配
“我从没想过要研究生殖器的尺寸,只是意外发现了这个研究话题。”来自达特茅斯学院(Dartmouth College)的生物学家马克·莱德(Mark Laidre)说。
莱德到哥斯达黎加(Costa Rica)研究的这种寄居蟹,名叫厄瓜多尔陆寄居蟹(Coenobita compressus)。这些陆寄居蟹会对自己居住的外壳进行内部改造:它们会把中心掏空,除去被称为螺旋轴柱(spiral columella)的支柱,给自己留出更多活动空间。翻新后的螺壳对寄居蟹而言更加珍贵,当然也会被其他贪婪的甲壳纲动物垂涎。
“这些壳尽管宝贵,但也更容易被偷。因为用来抓住壳的螺旋轴柱没有了,这些寄居蟹的私人财产很容易被其他动物偷抢走。尤其是在它们做其他事情,需要从壳中稍微探出一些的时候,比如交配的时候。”
尽管他的工作在野外,但莱德却是在博物馆里注意到他最喜欢的寄居蟹的某些异样。
“最引人注目的就是,我研究了多年的厄瓜多尔陆寄居蟹竟然有一个极大的生殖器。准确地说,远远大于其他品种。”
这一观察让他产生了一个想法,他称其为“为私人财产进化私处”(private parts for private property)假说。
“这一假设实际上认为……[更多]
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