人工神经网络（Artificial Neural Network，即ANN ），是20世纪80 年代以来人工智能领域兴起的研究热点。它从信息处理角度对人脑神经元网络进行抽象， 建立某种简单模型，按不同的连接方式组成不同的网络。在工程与学术界也常直接简称为神经网络或类神经网络。神经网络是一种运算模型，由大量的节点（或称神经元）之间相互联接构成。每个节点代表一种特定的输出函数，称为激励函数（activation function）。每两个节点间的连接都代表一个对于通过该连接信号的加权值，称之为权重，这相当于人工神经网络的记忆。网络的输出则依网络的连接方式，权重值和激励函数的不同而不同。而网络自身通常都是对自然界某种算法或者函数的逼近，也可能是对一种逻辑策略的表达。
最近十多年来，人工神经网络的研究工作不断深入，已经取得了很大的进展，其在模式识别、智能机器人、自动控制、预测估计、生物、医学、经济等领域已成功地解决了许多现代计算机难以解决的实际问题，表现出了良好的智能特性。
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本文提出了第一种实时全身捕捉的方法，该方法通过单一颜色图像的动态3D人脸模型来估计身体和手的形状和运动。我们的方法使用了一种新的神经网络结构，利用身体和手之间的相关性在高计算效率。与以往的工作不同，我们的方法是在多个数据集上联合训练，分别关注手、身体或面部，不需要同时标注所有部分的数据，这是很难创建足够多的多样性。这种多数据集训练的可能性使其具有优越的泛化能力。与早期的单眼全身方法相比，我们的方法通过估算统计人脸模型的形状、表情、反照率和光照参数来捕捉更具表现力的3D人脸几何形状和颜色。我们的方法在公共基准上实现了具有竞争力的精度，同时显著更快，提供更完整的面部重建。
https://www.zhuanzhi.ai/paper/9de12fe4bffc839e10209a1ad648f1b5
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Monocular Real-time Full Body Capture with Inter-part Correlations
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This paper presents a novel Generative Neural Network Architecture for modelling the inverse function of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) either completely or partially. Modelling the complete inverse function of an ANN involves generating the values of all features that corresponds to a desired output. On the other hand, partially modelling the inverse function means generating the values of a subset of features and fixing the remaining feature values. The feature set generation is a critical step for artificial neural networks, useful in several practical applications in engineering and science. The proposed Oracle Guided Generative Neural Network, dubbed as OGGN, is flexible to handle a variety of feature generation problems. In general, an ANN is able to predict the target values based on given feature vectors. The OGGN architecture enables to generate feature vectors given the predetermined target values of an ANN. When generated feature vectors are fed to the forward ANN, the target value predicted by ANN will be close to the predetermined target values. Therefore, the OGGN architecture is able to map, inverse function of the function represented by forward ANN. Besides, there is another important contribution of this work. This paper also introduces a new class of functions, defined as constraint functions. The constraint functions enable a neural network to investigate a given local space for a longer period of time. Thus, enabling to find a local optimum of the loss function apart from just being able to find the global optimum. OGGN can also be adapted to solve a system of polynomial equations in many variables. The experiments on synthetic datasets validate the effectiveness of OGGN on various use cases.
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This paper presents a novel Generative Neural Network Architecture for modelling the inverse function of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) either completely or partially. Modelling the complete inverse function of an ANN involves generating the values of all features that corresponds to a desired output. On the other hand, partially modelling the inverse function means generating the values of a subset of features and fixing the remaining feature values. The feature set generation is a critical step for artificial neural networks, useful in several practical applications in engineering and science. The proposed Oracle Guided Generative Neural Network, dubbed as OGGN, is flexible to handle a variety of feature generation problems. In general, an ANN is able to predict the target values based on given feature vectors. The OGGN architecture enables to generate feature vectors given the predetermined target values of an ANN. When generated feature vectors are fed to the forward ANN, the target value predicted by ANN will be close to the predetermined target values. Therefore, the OGGN architecture is able to map, inverse function of the function represented by forward ANN. Besides, there is another important contribution of this work. This paper also introduces a new class of functions, defined as constraint functions. The constraint functions enable a neural network to investigate a given local space for a longer period of time. Thus, enabling to find a local optimum of the loss function apart from just being able to find the global optimum. OGGN can also be adapted to solve a system of polynomial equations in many variables. The experiments on synthetic datasets validate the effectiveness of OGGN on various use cases.
