Blockchain is a distributed ledger that is decentralized, immutable, and transparent, which maintains a continuously growing list of transaction records ordered into blocks. As the core of blockchain, the consensus algorithm is an agreement to validate the correctness of blockchain transactions. For example, Bitcoin is a public blockchain where each node in Bitcoin uses the Proof of Work (PoW) algorithm to reach a consensus by competing to solve a puzzle. Unlike a public blockchain, a consortium blockchain is an enterprise-level blockchain that does not contend with the issues of creating a resource-saving global consensus protocol. This paper highilights several state-of-the art solutions in consensus algorithms for enterprise blockchain. For example, the HyperLedger by Linux Foundation includes implementing Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) as the consensus algorithm. PBFT can tolerate a range of malicious nodes and reach consensus with quadratic complexity. Another consensus algorithm, HotStuff, implemented by Facebook's Libra project, has achieved linear complexity of the authenticator. This paper presents the operational mechanisms of these and other consensus protocols, and analyzes and compares their advantages and drawbacks.
翻译：块链是一个分散、 不可改变和透明的分布式分类账, 它维持着一个不断增长的、 以块块形式订购的交易记录列表。 作为块链的核心, 协商一致算法是验证块链交易正确性的协议。 例如, 比特币是一个公共块链。 比特币的每个节点都使用“ 工作证明” 算法来通过竞争解决一个难题来达成共识。 与公共块链不同的是, 财团块链是一个企业级的块链, 它与创建资源节省全球共识协议的问题没有争议。 本文高亮了企业块链协商一致算法中的若干最新艺术解决方案。 例如, Linux 基金会的超Ledger 将实施实用 Byzantine Fault Connication (PBFT) 作为共识算法。 PBFT 能够容忍一系列恶意节点, 并以四重复杂度达成共识。 另一个共识算法, 由Facebook 的 Libra 项目实施的 HotStuffe, 已经实现了验证器的线性复杂度。 。 本文展示了这些和其他共识协议的操作机制, 分析并比较其优势 。
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