We present an overview of hybrid Casper the Friendly Finality Gadget (FFG): a Proof-of-Stake checkpointing protocol overlaid onto Ethereum's Proof-of-Work blockchain. We describe its core functionalities and reward scheme, and explore its properties. Our findings indicate that Casper's implemented incentives mechanism ensures liveness, while providing safety guarantees that improve over standard Proof-of-Work protocols. Based on a minimal-impact implementation of the protocol as a smart contract on the blockchain, we discuss additional issues related to parametrisation, funding, throughput and network overhead and detect potential limitations.
翻译：我们概要介绍了“友好终极保险箱(FFG)”的混合封套:在Eceenum的“工作证明”链上贴上“工作证明”的“检查站证明”协议。我们描述了它的核心职能和奖赏计划,并探索了它的特性。我们的调查结果表明,卡斯伯实施的奖励机制确保了生活,同时提供了安全保障,改善了标准的工作证明协议。我们根据协议作为“工作证明”的智能合同的最小影响执行,讨论了与平衡化、资金、吞吐量和网络管理以及发现潜在限制有关的其他问题。
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