Numerical simulation of the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) procedure for additive manufacturing (AM) is difficult due to the presence of multiple scales in both time and space, ranging from the part scale (order of millimeters/seconds) to the powder scale (order of microns/milliseconds). This difficulty is compounded by the fact that the regions of small-scale behavior are not fixed, but change in time as the geometry is produced. While much work in recent years has been focused on resolving the problem of multiple scales in space, there has been less work done on multiscale approaches for the temporal discretization of LPBF problems. In the present contribution, we extend on a previously introduced two-level method in space by combining it with a multiscale time integration method. The unique transfer of information through the transmission conditions allows for interaction between the space and time scales while reducing computational costs. At the same time, all of the advantages of the two-level method in space (namely its geometrical flexibility and the ease in which one may deploy structured, uniform meshes) remain intact. Adopting the proposed multiscale time integration scheme, we observe a computational speed-up by a factor $\times 2.44$ compared to the same two-level approach with uniform time integration, when simulating a laser source traveling on a bare plate of nickel-based superalloy material following an alternating scan path of fifty laser tracks.
翻译:添加制造(AM)的激光粉床聚变(LPBF)程序数字模拟(LPBF)很难,原因是在时间和空间上都存在从部分比例(毫米/秒的顺序)到粉比例(微量/毫米的顺序)的多种比例,从部分规模(毫米/秒的顺序)到粉比例(微量/毫米的顺序)的多种规模(微量/毫秒的顺序)的多重规模(LPBFM)程序。由于小规模行为区域没有固定,但随着几何的生成而时间的变化,这更加困难。虽然近年来许多工作的重点是解决空间中多种规模的问题,但对于LPBF问题暂时分解的多尺度方法所做的工作较少。在目前的贡献中,我们推广了以前在空间中引入的双级方法,将其与多尺度集成(毫米/秒)的分级方法相结合。通过传输条件进行独特的信息传输,使得空间和时间尺度尺度尺度之间的相互作用,同时降低计算成本。与此同时,基于空间的两级方法的所有优点(即其几度灵活性灵活性灵活性灵活性和可以部署结构、统一的模模模范的模的模范)仍然保持不变。 采用拟议的多级的双级的轨道,在双级的轨道上,我们观测一个固定的硬质的轨道上,在双级的轨道上的一个轨道上,在双轨的轨道上,在一种轨道上进行一个固定的递式的递式的轨道上进行一个固定的递式的递式的硬的递式的递式的递式的递式的递式的递式的递式的递式的递式的递式的递式的递式的递式的递式的递式的递式的递式的递式的硬式的硬式的硬式的机制的递式的硬式的递式的递式的硬式的硬式的机制式的递式的递式的递式的递式的轨道上,用。