The contribution of academia to US patents has become increasingly global. Following a pause, with a relatively flat rate, from 1998 to 2008, the long-term trend of university patenting rising as a share of all patenting has resumed, driven by the internationalization of academic entrepreneurship and the persistence of US university technology transfer. We disaggregate this recent growth in university patenting at the US Patent and Trademark Organization (USPTO) in terms of nations and patent classes. Foreign patenting in the US has almost doubled during the period 2009-2014, mainly due to patenting by universities in Taiwan, Korea, China, and Japan. These nations compete with the US in terms of patent portfolios, whereas most European countries--with the exception of the UK--have more specific portfolios, mainly in the bio-medical fields. In the case of China, Tsinghua University holds 63% of the university patents in USPTO, followed by King Fahd University with 55.2% of the national portfolio.
翻译:学术界对美国专利的贡献日益全球化。 1998年至2008年,由于学术企业家精神的国际化和美国大学技术转让的持续存在,大学专利作为所有专利份额的长期上升趋势恢复了。 我们按国家和专利等级分列了最近在美国专利和商标组织(USPTO)的大学专利增长。 2009年至2014年期间,美国外国专利几乎翻了一番,这主要是由于台湾、韩国、中国和日本的大学专利。 这些国家在专利权方面与美国竞争,而大多数欧洲国家(英国除外)拥有更具体的专利,主要在生物医学领域。 就中国而言,Tsinghua大学在USPTO拥有63%的大学专利,其次是法赫德王大学,占国家专利权的55.2%。