消除障碍:破除无线上网基带设计和介绍PicoScenses无线网上遥感平台 (Eliminating the Barriers: Demystifying Wi-Fi Baseband Design and Introducing the PicoScenes Wi-Fi Sensing Platform)

The research on Wi-Fi sensing has been thriving over the past decade but the process has not been smooth. Three barriers always hamper the research: unknown baseband design and its influence, inadequate hardware, and the lack of versatile and flexible measurement software. This paper tries to eliminate these barriers through the following work. First, we present an in-depth study of the baseband design of the Qualcomm Atheros AR9300 (QCA9300) NIC. We identify a missing item of the existing CSI model, namely, the CSI distortion, and identify the baseband filter as its origin. We also propose a distortion removal method. Second, we reintroduce both the QCA9300 and software-defined radio (SDR) as powerful hardware for research. For the QCA9300, we unlock the arbitrary tuning of both the carrier frequency and bandwidth. For SDR, we develop a high?performance software implementation of the 802.11a/g/n/ac/ax baseband, allowing users to fully control the baseband and access the complete physical-layer information. Third, we release the PicoScenes software, which supports concurrent CSI measure?ment from multiple QCA9300, Intel Wireless Link (IWL5300) and SDR hardware. PicoScenes features rich low-level controls, packet injection and software baseband implementation. It also allows users to develop their own measurement plugins. Finally, we report state-of-the-art results in the extensive evaluations of the PicoScenes system, such as the >2 GHz available spectrum on the QCA9300, concurrent CSI measurement, and up to 40 kHz and 1 kHz CSI measurement rates achieved by the QCA9300 and SDR. PicoScenes is available at https://ps.zpj.io.

翻译：在过去十年里,Wi-Fi遥感的研究一直蓬勃发展,但过程并不顺利。三个障碍总是阻碍研究的进行:基础波段设计及其影响不明,硬件不足,以及缺乏多功能和灵活的测量软件。本文试图通过以下工作消除这些障碍。首先,我们对Qualcomm Atheros AR9300 (QCA9300) 的基波设计进行了深入研究。我们发现现有的 CSI 模型缺少一个项目,即 CSI 扭曲,并确定了基波过滤器的来源。我们还提出了扭曲去除方法。第二,我们重新将QCA9300 和软件定义的无线电(SDR)作为强大的硬件。对于QC9300,我们打开了承运人频率和带宽度的任意调整。对于SICE,我们开发了一个高性软件实施802.11a/g/n/a/a/a/ax basbbbbband,让用户充分控制基础波段,并获取完整的物理信息。第三,我们发布了Pico-SE-Sional-C-SI的测量量测算数据系统,支持CS-l-CS-CS-C-CSI-C-C-C-C-C-C-SI-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-M-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-S-S-S-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-D-D-D-D-D-D-D-D-D-D-D-D-D-D-D-D-D-D-D-D-D-D-D-D-D-D-D-S