Quantum computing has been a fascinating research field in quantum physics. Recent progresses motivate us to study in depth the universal quantum computing models (UQCM), which lie at the foundation of quantum computing and have tight connections with fundamental physics. Although being developed decades ago, a physically concise principle or picture to formalize and understand UQCM is still lacking. This is challenging given the diversity of still-emerging models, but important to understand the difference between classical and quantum computing. In this work, we carried out a primary attempt to unify UQCM by classifying a few of them as two categories, hence making a table of models. With such a table, some known models or schemes appear as hybridization or combination of models, and more importantly, it leads to new schemes that have not been explored yet. Our study of UQCM also leads to some insights into quantum algorithms. This work reveals the importance and feasibility of systematic study of computing models.
翻译:量子计算是量子物理学中一个令人着迷的研究领域。最近的进展激励我们深入研究通用量子计算模型(UQCM),该模型是量子计算的基础,与基本物理学有着密切的联系。尽管几十年前就已经开发了,但是仍然缺乏一种物理简明的原则或图片来正式确定和理解UQMM。鉴于仍在形成的模型的多样性,这具有挑战性,但对于理解古典计算和量子计算之间的差异很重要。在这项工作中,我们进行了一项主要努力,通过将其中几个分类为两个类别来统一UQCM,从而制作了一个模型表。在这样一个表格中,一些已知的模式或计划出现为混合或混合模型,更重要的是,它导致尚未探索的新计划。我们对UQCM的研究也导致对量子算法的一些洞察。这项工作揭示了系统研究的重要性和可行性。