高分辨衍射增强成像技术研究肝硬化肝血窦显微三维结构

项目名称： 高分辨衍射增强成像技术研究肝硬化肝血窦显微三维结构

项目编号： No.11305200

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 陈雨

作者单位： 中国科学院高能物理研究所

项目金额： 30万元

中文摘要： 衍射增强成像技术是X射线相位衬度成像方法中的一种，利用晶体衍射对角度极高的选择性，将物体中折射率变化梯度对入射光束造成的角度变化转化为空间上的光强变化记录下来，对主要由轻元素组成的人体组织也能得到高衬度的图像。肝血窦是人体肝脏内最基本的毛细血管，其形态是辨别疾病种类及严重程度的重要标准，传统病理切片仅能实现二维断面的观察，无法实现三维立体观察，降低了诊断的准确性。应用同步辐射相位衬度微CT方法，已经能够观察正常肝脏肝血窦的显微三维结构，但尚无法实现肝硬化（病态）肝血窦及纤维结缔组织（硬化纤维间隔）的观察，这与病态肝窦的结构被破坏、肝窦变窄、与围成肝窦的肝细胞对比度降低有关。如何在保证高空间分辨率的同时获得足够高的衬度分辨率成为探测病态肝窦结构的关键。本项目拟通过提高衍射增强成像技术的衬度分辨率，识别这种细微的衬度差别，在促进相衬成像技术进一步发展的同时，为无创诊断肝硬化提供新的影像学手段。

中文关键词： 同步辐射；衍射增强成像；衬度分辨率；高指数晶面衍射；

英文摘要： Diffraction enhanced imaging(DEI) is a sort of X-ray phase contrast imaging method, the analyzer's high angular selectivity can transform the angle variety into intensity variety which can be recorded by detector, so high contrast image can be gained even for soft tissues which mainly composed by low Z elements. Liver blood antrums is the basal capillary vessels of human liver, its modality is an important criterion to distinguish the type and degree of liver diseases. Conventional pathology slice could only get 2D images, unable to realize 3D diagnose, and reduced the veracity of diagnosis. By using of synchrotron radiation phase contrast micro-CT method, we can get 3D structure of normal liver blood antrums, but not for the hepatocirrhosis liver blood antrums, since the structure destroy of morbid liver blood antrums, the narrow of antrums, and the decrease of the contrast between hepatocellular tissue could all influence the result. How to get enough contrast resolution and spatial resolution simultaneously has become the sticking point to detect the 3D structure of hepatocirrhosis liver blood antrums. In this project, we would like to distinguish such small contrast difference by enhancing the contrast resolution of DEI technique, to supply a new imaging method for nondestructive diagnose hepatocirrhosis an

英文关键词： Synchrotron Radiation；Diffraction Enhanced Imaging (DEI) ；contrast；high index crystal diffraction；