项目名称: 超临界二氧化碳中季鏻盐插层改性蒙脱土的形态调控及其在聚合物中的分散分布研究
项目编号: No.51463006
项目类型: 地区科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2015
项目学科: 一般工业技术
项目作者: 于杰
作者单位: 贵州省材料产业技术研究院
项目金额: 48万元
中文摘要: 聚合物/蒙脱土复合材料优异的综合性能主要取决于分散相尺度和相界面相容性两个耦合因素。本项目设计合成具有不同分子结构且热稳定性较高的季鏻盐,利用超临界二氧化碳优良的溶解性和快速卸压时的膨胀作用实现季鏻盐对蒙脱土的插层改性及颗粒形态调控,研究超临界二氧化碳的压力、温度、卸压速率及季鏻盐分子结构、用量等因素对季鏻盐插层改性蒙脱土结构的影响,阐明季鏻盐分子结构-超临界处理工艺-有机蒙脱土结构的关系,获得超临界二氧化碳及季鏻盐共同作用下的蒙脱土结构特征及调控方法;通过不同官能团的硅烷偶联剂和蒙脱土表面的化学接枝反应,调控蒙脱土与聚合物的界面相容性。选择合适的聚合物基体,研究共混工艺、蒙脱土结构、界面相容性对改性蒙脱土在聚合物中的分散分布及性能的影响,揭示其形态形成机理,探索聚合物/蒙脱土复合材料结构-性能关系。本项目将为分散性良好的反应型有机蒙脱土的制备及应用提供理论依据。
中文关键词: 超临界二氧化碳;季鏻盐;蒙脱土;形态调控;分散分布
英文摘要: The excellent properties of polymer/montmorillonite(MMT) composites mainly depend on the size of dispersion domain and the interfacial compatibility. A serial of quaternary phosphonium salts with different molecular structure and high thermal stability is synthesized and the intercalation of MMT with quaternary phosphonium salts are performed by use of the excellent solubility and the expansion under rapid depression of supercritical CO2 (scCO2), for the purpose of intercalation modification and morphology control of MMT. The influence of pressure, temperature, depression rate, molecular structure and dosage of quaternary phosphonium salts on MMT structure is investigated. The relationship of molecular structure of quaternary phosphonium-the procseeing parameters in scCO2-MMT structure will be revealed and the structure feature and adjusting method of MMT under scCO2 and quaternary phosphonium salts will be obtained. Silanes with different functional groups are chemically grafted on the surface of MMT to adjust the interfacial compatibility between polymer and MMT. With proper polymers as the model matrix, the effect of blending process, MMT structure and interfacial compatibility on MMT dispersion state and the final properties of polymer/MMT composites are investigated, and the mechanism of morphology formation and the relationships between structure and properties
英文关键词: supercritical carbon dioxide;quaternary phosphorus salt;montmorillonite;Morphology control;dispersion