污水生物处理中纳米颗粒对典型亚硝酸菌的毒性效应与机制

项目名称： 污水生物处理中纳米颗粒对典型亚硝酸菌的毒性效应与机制

项目编号： No.51208092

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 建筑环境与结构工程学科

项目作者： 余冉

作者单位： 东南大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 纳米颗粒对污水处理工艺菌群结构与活性具有潜在毒性影响并导致工艺处理性能下降，但相关毒性作用机制尚未明确。本课题从环境工程学、微生物生理学和分子生物学层面，开展纳米颗粒对生物脱氮工艺中毒性敏感指示细菌-欧洲亚硝化单胞菌（Nitrosomonas europaea）的毒性影响综合研究。课题基于对该细菌氮循环生化途径的研究基础、借助全基因组表达谱学、并结合细胞宏观生理生化特性变化规律，揭示典型纳米颗粒（TiO2，ZnO和CeO2）毒性胁迫下细胞的应激反应基因及影响其转录表达水平的关键因素与作用规律，阐释纳米颗粒毒性影响下细菌的自我应激调节机制，掌握纳米颗粒对该细菌的生物毒性作用途径与机理，探讨受损菌群生理生化功能修复性能以及自我调节和修复机制，并在此基础上确立可用于污水生物脱氮系统纳米颗粒毒性预警监控的生物标志物，为污水生物脱氮工艺中纳米颗粒的环境风险评价与应急调控提供必要的理论指导和技术支撑。

中文关键词： 纳米颗粒；欧洲亚硝化单胞细菌；生物毒性；修复；全基因组表达谱图

英文摘要： Adverse effects of nanoparticles (NPs) on municipal wastewater treatment processes have attracted growing attention recently due to NPs' potential toxicity to microbial communities at cellular, subcellular, and gene levels. However, the interaction mechanisms between microbial cells and NPs are not clearly elucidated. In this innovative proposal, we will comprehensively investigate the impacts of three common nanoparticles (TiO2, ZnO, and CeO2) on a representative and toxin sensitive chemolithoautotrophic ammonia oxidizing bacterium, Nitrosomonas europaea with the combination of environmental engineering, microbial physiology and molecular biology information. The NPs risks to N. europaea performance will be assessed by correlation of NPs stress at different NPs concentrations, exposure time and dissolved oxygen conditions in the chemostat reactor. The morphology, physiology, biochemical metabolism and the microbial recovery capacities of injured N.europaea cells will be examined. The relationships between N.europaea physiological and biochemical characteristics and the transcriptional information of nitrogen redox reaction functional genes or NPs stress response genes will be discussed based on our previous studies of N.europaea nitrogen transformation metabolism and the genome-wide expression analysis. The im

英文关键词： nanoparticle；Nitrosomonas europaea；biological toxicity；recovery；Genome-wide expression profile