高速列车转向架声发射动态监测机理及实验研究

项目名称： 高速列车转向架声发射动态监测机理及实验研究

项目编号： No.11264032

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 李秋锋

作者单位： 南昌航空大学

项目金额： 55万元

中文摘要： 转向架是高速列车中最关键的部件，直接关系到列车运行品质和行车安全。本项目提出采用声发射检测方法对转向架进行动态安全监测，将开展动态监测机理和实验研究，旨在解决以下关键问题：首先研究转向架关键承力部件的声发射信号传播机理，通过建立转向架的力学模型，进行有限元仿真，分析信号传播规律和特点，确定接收传感器分布位置，便于对转向架实施有效监测；其次要研究声发射信号提取和声源定位问题，在复杂运行环境中，将传感器获得的动态信号进行分析，根据声信号和各种干扰噪声的信号特点，通过数据处理去除噪声，提取声发射信号，并通过时间反转聚焦处理，实现对声源定位；最后研究结构损伤的定量问题，将提取出的声发射信号用各种特征参数进行表征，通过理论和实验研究建立各种特征参数与损伤程度间的对应关系，实现监测过程中的结构损伤定量评定。本项目的研究具有在该领域的关键技术上形成自主创新技术的可能，具有重要学术意义和应用价值。

中文关键词： 转向架；声发射检测；动态监测；时间反转；特征参数

英文摘要： Bogie stiffness is the key assembly of High-speed train, which touch to working quality and security of train directly. Acoustic Emission (AE) technique is presented for dynamic monitoring of bogie stiffness here. The researches will be achieved about dynamic monitoring mechanism and experiment, and aim at solving the key problems as below: firstly, the spreading mechanism of the AE signal is researched in the key assembly of bogie stiffness. Finite element simulation is carried out after mechanics model of bogie stiffness is established, and the spreading rule and trait of the signal are analysed, and then the distributing positions of receiving sensors are located, which make for effective monitoring to bogie stiffness; Secondly, the problems about extraction of AE signals and location of AE sources are researched. The dynamic signals from the sensors in the complicated working condition are analysed, and the noise is removed by data processing and the AE signals is obtained according to the trait of the AE signal and noise, and then the AE source is located by time revesal focusing; Finally, the problem about quantification for damage in the frame is researched. The obtained AE signals are characterized by some character parameters, and the corresponding relationship between these parameters and degree of da

英文关键词： Bogie frame；Acoustic emission testing；dynamic monitoring；time reversal；characteristic parameter