微生物燃料电池用高导电性和生物相容性的三维多孔纳米纤维膜阳极的研究

项目名称： 微生物燃料电池用高导电性和生物相容性的三维多孔纳米纤维膜阳极的研究

项目编号： No.51273152

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 王栋

作者单位： 武汉纺织大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 以前期发明的热塑性纳米纤维膜的制备技术，对多孔、柔性材料的导电化改性，聚氨酯的合成和表面功能化研究为基础，设计制备了应用于微生物燃料电池阳极的，具有高导电和生物相容性的三维多孔纳米纤维膜。发展微孔结构可控的三维多组份聚合物纳米纤维复合膜制备的新技术；研究纳米纤维复合膜的导电化途径，揭示纳米纤维膜的空间物理化学结构、导电层的组成和微观形态对导电性能的影响规律；设计和合成与细菌微生物具有高相容性的导电聚氨酯纳米材料，将其吸附、组装到导电纳米纤维膜上构筑出既有高导电性，又有优异的生物相容性的三维、多孔、多组份聚合物纳米纤维复合膜阳极材料；建立微生物在纳米纤维复合膜上附着和生长的动力学模型；深入表征高导电和生物相容性三维多组份纳米纤维膜阳极的结构与性能的关系，阐明微生物氧化有机燃料所产生的电子向阳极传递的机理，实现微生物燃料电池输电性能的飞跃，为具有复杂结构和功能的纳米纤维膜器件的研究开辟新途径。

中文关键词： 微生物燃料电池；纳米纤维阳极；高电导性；生物相容性；细菌催化

英文摘要： With the previous studies on the fabrication of thermoplastics nanofiber membranes, the conductive modifications of porous and flexible materials, as well as the synthesis and surface functionalizations of polyurethane, a novel 3D porous nanofiber composite membranes with high conductivity and compatibility is designed and fabricated. A novel technique of fabricating multi-component 3D porous nanofiber composite membranes will be developed. The nanofiber composite membranes are surface modified to provide the high conductivity. The effects of the structures of nanofiber membranes, the composition of conductive layer and micro-morphology on the conductivity performance of the nanofiber membranes are investigated. A conductive polyurethane material is synthesized and surface functionalized with bio-molecules to promote the compatibility with microorganisms. The microbial-compatible and conductive PU will be prepared into nanomaterials and assembled onto the conductive composite nanofiber membranes to construct the 3D porous composite membranes with both outstanding conductivity and bio-compatibility. The further relationship between the structures and performances of highly conductive and biocompatible nanofiber composite membranes is established. In addition, the electron transfer mechanism from the bio-film to t

英文关键词： microbial fuel cell；nanofirous anode；high conductivity；biocompatibility；bacterial electrocatalyis