水稻抗旱表观性状的遗传及其参与抗旱的分子机制

项目名称： 水稻抗旱表观性状的遗传及其参与抗旱的分子机制

项目编号： No.31271694

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 傅彬英

作者单位： 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所

项目金额： 83万元

中文摘要： 表观遗传是指不因DNA序列变化而发生基因功能改变并最终导致表型变化，主要包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白乙酰化以及小RNA介导的基因沉默等等。大量研究表明环境胁迫会导致作物发生表观遗传变化，其中最主要的是DNA甲基化状态的改变。但是目前胁迫诱导产生的DNA甲基化变化是否能世代传递以及参与抗逆的分子机制尚不清楚。本项目拟采用高通量DNA甲基化分析MeDIP技术平台，研究水稻干旱胁迫过程中全基因组DNA甲基化变化（甲基化或去甲基化）特征，发现胁迫诱导DNA甲基化变化位点/簇群；通过抗旱导入系与轮回亲本的不同世代旱胁迫DNA甲基化变化位点/DMR比较分析，鉴定能稳定遗传的抗旱相关表遗传位点；并采用连续世代干旱胁迫研究表遗传变化的胁迫强化效应；结合抗旱导入系表达谱数据分析、小分子RNA以及重点特异表遗传位点的相应基因功能分析，全面系统解析抗旱胁迫相关表观遗传调控的分子机理。

中文关键词： DNA甲基化；MeDIP测序；抗旱导入系；小分子RNA；水稻

英文摘要： Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene expression caused by mechanisms other than changes in the underlying DNA sequence. Epigenetic changes include DNA methyaltion, histone modification, and gene silencing mediated by small RNAs. Lots of evidence showed that environmental stresses could cause alterations of epigenetic traits, especially DNA methylation. However, the inheritance of DNA methylation changes resulted from abiotic stresses and its underlying molecular mechanism need to be further elucidated. In this proposal, the MeDIP, a high-throughput technique of DNA methylation analysis platform, is going to be used to profile the genome-wide DNA methylation changes in rice under drought stress. The main objectives of this study are to identify the stable inherited epigenetic loci related to drought tolerance by comparative analysis of genome-wide DNA methylation loci between generations. Meanwhile, the acclimation effect of stress-induced epigenetic traits will be analyzed by successive drought stress of two generations. Finally we can dissect the molecular mechanism of these inherited DNA methylation loci involved in rice drought tolerance combined with functional identification of key genes with epigenetic alteration and bioinformatics analysis of transcriptome and small RNA data.

英文关键词： DNA methylation；MeDIP sequencing；Drought tolerance introgression line；MicroRNA；Rice