海洋航行体表面调控与仿生减阻机理

项目名称： 海洋航行体表面调控与仿生减阻机理

项目编号： No.51335010

项目类型： 重点项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 薛群基

作者单位： 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所

项目金额： 320万元

中文摘要： 减少海水阻力是提高海航体速度和降低能耗的有效方法，对能源和军事领域有着重要意义。航行体的表面特征对海水阻力有着重要影响。表面仿生技术是最有效的减阻技术之一，目前研究主要集中在对鲨鱼、海豚等的表面结构和力学特征进行仿制，而关于这些海洋生物表面化学状态、表皮分泌粘液、海水压力对海水阻力的影响报道很少。本项目拟突破传统仿生减阻技术，强调海洋生物游行过程中表皮粘液分泌的特性，从流体和航行体的摩擦应力及实际接触面积出发，利用3D打印、油凝胶等新方法，设计亲油疏水表面降低摩擦切应力，通过外加压力和温度实现强制Cassie态减少固-水实际接触面积。揭示：材料表面结构及化学状态对Cassie态向Wenzal态转化能垒的影响机制；强制Cassie状态下，外界水压、外加气压、温度、表面结构的平衡规律；固-气（油）-水复合界面减阻机理。项目预期将发展几种海航体减阻新方法，为海航体减阻的设计提供新思路。

中文关键词： 亲油疏水;表面;减阻;仿生;强制卡斯态

英文摘要： Drag reduction is a useful way to increase speed and cut down energy consumption of marine vehicles. It is very important for energy and national defense. Marine vehicle surface characteristics play an important role in the drag reduction. And bionic design is one of the useful methods for drag reduction. Now, bionic technology focuses on copying the surface structure and mechanical properties of dolphin or shark. While little literatures report the relationship between drag reduction and surface chemical state/skin mucus. This program tries to design some surfaces which exhibit the similar performances like mucilaginous skin. The 3D print, oil- sol etc. will be utilized to synthesize textured lipophilic/hydrophobic surface. Gas jet and heating will be also utilized to maintain the balance of Cassie style. The relationship between surface structure/chemical states and Ec-w, the balance of seawater pressure, surface temperature, surface structure and gas jet pressure under forced Cassie style, the drag reduction mechanism of solid-gas(oil)-water composite interface, will be investigated. Through the studies in this program, some new methods and thinking will be presented for marine vehicle drag reduction.

英文关键词： oleophilic and hydrophobi;surface ;drag reduction;bionic;forced cassie style