耦合能量平衡的分布式水文模型构建及半干旱区LUCC水文响应机理研究

项目名称： 耦合能量平衡的分布式水文模型构建及半干旱区LUCC水文响应机理研究

项目编号： No.41201031

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 地理学

项目作者： 杨肖丽

作者单位： 河海大学

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 分布式水文模型考虑流域综合因素对水文过程的影响，是分析半干旱区土地利用/覆被变化(LUCC)水文响应的有效工具与基础平台。传统分布式水文模型较少考虑地表植被参数空间异质性和能量平衡，导致该类模型在半干旱区模拟精度低。鉴于此，本研究拟融合多源遥感数据和野外实测数据，基于遥感和地理信息系统技术，建立反映地形和植被类型时空异质性的叶面积指数（LAI）算法（NDVI-LAI模型），改进垂向混合产流模型中植被参数的获取方法，发展针对半干旱区水文特性的能量平衡模块，构建耦合能量平衡的分布式水文模型；通过理论分析和模型构建与应用，探究植被指数参数化新方法，提高分布式水文模型在半干旱区的模拟精度，定量分析典型流域土地利用/覆被变化对径流量和蒸散发量的影响。该研究将为进一步认识和理解半干旱区水文过程，揭示半干旱区土地利用/覆被变化的水文响应机理提供科学理论与技术支撑。

中文关键词： 土地利用/覆被变化；能量平衡；分布式水文模型；叶面积指数；蒸散发

英文摘要： Distributed hydrological models, with the capable of simulating the effects of spatially highly variable changes of ground parameters, are indispensable tools and platforms in objectively quantifying hydrological response to land use/cover changes (LUCC) in semi-arid regions. The traditional hydrological model didn't perform well in semi-arid regions, due to less considering the spatial heterogeneity of vegetation parameters and energy balance. Therefore, with the aid of mutil-source of remote sensing data, field survey data and geographic information system technology, a NDVI-LAI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index - leaf area index) model is being developed taking into account the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of terrain and vegetation types. Meanwhile, based on semi-arid runoff generation mechanisms, a distributed hydrological model coupled with energy balance model will be developed. Furthermore, the impact of LUCC on runoff and evaportranspiration in typical basin will be evaluated using theoretical analysis and model simulation. This study will help deeply understand the hydrological cycle and reveal the mechanism of hydrological response to LUCC in semi-arid regions. The results will provide useful scientific guidelines and technology for water resource planning and management in semi-arid regions.

英文关键词： Land use/cover changes；Energy balance；Distributed hydrological model；leaf area index；evaportranspiration