高效光生载流子分离及电子传导异质光催化材料的设计合成

项目名称： 高效光生载流子分离及电子传导异质光催化材料的设计合成

项目编号： No.21273255

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 毕迎普

作者单位： 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 金属/半导体异质光催化材料成为目前光催化研究领域的热点，然而目前所报道的此类异质材料由于自身结构及功能缺陷普遍具有较低光生载流子分离效率和较差的可见光催化性能。因此，本项目拟研究构建一种新型异质结构光催化剂- - 金属纳米线/半导体晶体异质光催化材料，即在金属纳米线表面通过选择性外延生长半导体晶体形成项链状异质结构。由于金属纳米线具有较低费米能级可以高效分离光生载流子，将电子快速转移至金属纳米线。此外，由于其具有独特的项链状结构，富集至金属纳米线的电子可以快速被导出并参与光催化还原反应，而分离后的空穴在半导体表面参与氧化反应。此异质结构光催化剂可以有效解决光生电子-空穴的快速复合以及电子无法导出的难题，从而提高半导体的光催化性能，并且在半导体光催化领域具有极高的通用性和实用性。此方面研究在国际上尚未开展，具有较高创新性和科学意义。

中文关键词： 光催化；载流子；分离；；

英文摘要： Metal/semiconductor hetero-photocatalysts have attracted considerable attention in present photocatalytic research field. However, the reported hetero-photocatalysts available to date are generally limited by either insufficient charge separation ability or poor photocatalytic efficiency in the visible light range.Thereby, to address this problem, this project focus on the exploration and fabrication of novel hetero-photocatalysts consisted of metal nanowires and semiconductor crystals with necklace-like structure. More specifically, the metal nanowires possess a favorable Fermi level, which can serve as a good electron acceptor for facilitating quick electron transfer from both exterior and inner semiconductor under visible-light irradiation. Thereby, the photoexcited electrons can be rapidly transferred to metal nanowires, and the photoinduced holes can still locate on the surfaces of semiconductor, which promote the effective separation of photoexcited electron-hole pairs and decrease the probability of electron-hole recombination. More importantly, the enriched electrons on the metal nanowires could be effectively exported due to the unique necklace heterostructure, which facilitate their participation in the multiple-electron reduction reaction. Simultaneously, the high concentration of holes on semiconduct

英文关键词： Photocatalysis；Charge Carriers；Separation；；