高效染料敏化太阳能电池导电聚合物/碳复合对电极的制备及电催化机理研究

项目名称： 高效染料敏化太阳能电池导电聚合物/碳复合对电极的制备及电催化机理研究

项目编号： No.21073231

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2011

项目学科： 金属学与金属工艺

项目作者： 罗艳红

作者单位： 中国科学院物理研究所

项目金额： 12万元

中文摘要： 染料敏化太阳能电池以其制备简单、性价比高和广阔的应用前景成为研究热点。对电极起着收集从光阳极经由外电路传输过来的电子并将电解质催化还原的作用，对电极材料的优劣直接影响太阳能电池的光电转换性能。常用的镀铂FTO电极，由于铂资源匮乏且价格昂贵将会阻碍电池将来的大规模生产,特别有研究指出铂可与常用的碘电解质发生反应而影响长期稳定性。本课题拟采用化学氧化聚合和电化学聚合的方法来制备高催化活性、廉价和稳定的导电聚合物/碳柔性复合电极。探索复合电极组成、合成方法、聚合物分子链结晶形态和电极微观形貌对于电解质的催化还原活性的影响，分析电解质还原动力学，研究对电极/电解质的电荷转移机制，揭示电极组成、微观结构与催化性能以及器件光电性能之间的内在联系和规律，考察电池的稳定性，为发展高效、廉价和稳定的替代对电极以及实用化的敏化太阳能电池提供理论和实验依据。

中文关键词： 导电聚合物；碳；复合薄膜；对电极；染料敏化太阳能电池

英文摘要： Dye sensitized solar cells (DSCs) have been attracting widespread attention because of its low cost, simple fabrication process and relatively high efficiency of converting light to electricity. The function of the CE is to transfer electrons arriving from the external circuit back to the redox electrolyte and to catalyze the reduction of the triiodide ion. Usually, Pt is used as the catalytic material and fluorine-doped tin oxide glass as the substrate for a CE. Although Pt exhibits excellent catalytic activity for I3- reduction and high conductivity, its expensive cost and limited reserve would prevent it from large scale manufacture. In this project, catalytic, inexpensive and stable conductive polymer/carbon composite electrodes will be prepared by chemical oxidative polymerization and electrochemical polymerization. The influence of the composition of the composite electrodes, the synthsizing method and the microscopic mophology on the catalytic activity will be studied. The reduction kinetics of the electrolyte on the elctrode and the charge transfer on the electrolyte/electrode interface will be analysized. We will go deep into understanding the intrinsic connection between the electrode composition, microstructure and catalytic property with the photovotic property of DSCs and offering theoretic evidence and experimental supports for high efficiency DSC research.

英文关键词： conductive polymer; carbon; composite; counter electrode; sensitized solar cell