高效高选择性的动态超分子纳米容器绿色催化剂的开发

项目名称： 高效高选择性的动态超分子纳米容器绿色催化剂的开发

项目编号： No.21471150

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 孙庆福

作者单位： 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 高效高选择性的新型催化剂设计合成一直都是现代化学的研究重点。近几十年中人们开始在传统的均相催化与非均相催化体系之外寻找新颖的仿生催化体系。本项目高效高选择性的动态超分子纳米容器绿色催化剂的开发计划利用自组装的金属配位超分子体系来解决传统过渡金属催化剂在水溶性，稳定性及选择性等方面的问题。首先设计结构精确、具有刺激响应性的水溶性手性超分子容器作为有机反应的纳米反应器。在疏水作用或正负电荷相互作用下将常规金属有机催化剂担载在纳米容器的手性空腔当中以转移有机相反应到水相中进行。纳米容器的限域效应预期可以提高催化反应的尺寸选择性，同时增加底物的有效浓度并控制其构型接近反应的过渡态，进而加速反应进行。本项目的最终目标是基于刺激相应型的纳米容器及其主客体化学的方法建立一个新颖的超分子绿色催化体系。

中文关键词： 超分子化学；自组装；分子识别；主客体化学；不对称催化

英文摘要： The design of new catalysts with high efficiency and selectivity has served as the key research in modern chemistry. In recent decades, growing attention has been attracted to the search for innovative and highly selective biomimetic catalytic systems outside the traditional homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic process. This project plans to use the self-assembled supramolecular nano-vessel system to solve the problems of conventional transition metal catalysts, such as poor water-solubility, poor stability and poor selectivity. The project will start from the design of water-soluble, stimuli-responsive chiral supramolecular nano-vessels to serve as the nano-reactor. Driven by hydrophobic effect and electrostatic interactions, specific transition-metal catalysts will be encapsulated into the nano-vessel, which will transfer the traditional organic phase reaction into the aqueous phase. This strategy will increase the stability of the original catalysts by preventing their aggregation or poisoning. The confinement effect given by the nano-vessel is expected to facilitate extra size-, chemo- and stereo-selectivity; the pre-organization effect will increase the local concentration of the reactants and manipulate their conformation toward the transition-state to accelerate the reaction. The ultimate goal of this project is to establish a novel supramolecular green catalysis system based on the stimuli-responsible self-assembled nano-vessels and their host-guest chemistry.

英文关键词： Supramolecular;Self-Assembly;Molecular Recognition;Host-Guest Chemistry;Asymmetric Catalysis