锰矿物驱动湿地甲烷厌氧氧化及相关机理研究

项目名称： 锰矿物驱动湿地甲烷厌氧氧化及相关机理研究

项目编号： No.51478062

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 其他

项目作者： 翟俊

作者单位： 重庆大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 湿地甲烷排放是全球温室气体的主要来源之一，正成为全球性的重大环境和气候问题。湿地甲烷的消减逐渐引起科学界的高度关注。现有研究主要专注于湿地产甲烷的过程和影响因素，对湿地甲烷消减途径和相关科学问题尚缺乏系统认识。本项目在分析锰矿物和植物根表铁锰氧化物胶膜物理化学特性、锰生物地球化学循环等研究新进展的基础上，提出在天然锰矿物相界面效应、甲烷厌氧氧化菌、锰还原/氧化菌和植物根系泌氧等协同作用下，与锰化学价态循环相耦合的湿地甲烷消减新方法的理论假设；并以此假设为指导，开展锰矿物驱动的甲烷厌氧氧化、湿地产甲烷抑制、植物根系铁锰氧化物胶膜表面的甲烷氧化等反应效果和机理研究，构建锰矿物驱动的湿地甲烷消减体系；通过反应过程中锰矿物表面物理化学形态变化分析、甲烷及其代谢产物的定量分析、微生物分子生物学鉴定等多种方法探索锰矿物驱动的湿地甲烷消减机理，为湿地系统甲烷减排提供新的方法和理论指导。

中文关键词： 湿地系统；甲烷；锰矿物；甲烷厌氧氧化；温室气体

英文摘要： The methane emission from wetlands is known as one of the main paths of the greenhouse gases sources and sinks, causing global warming and widespread concerns by social and scientific communities. However, the existing researches focused on the process and mechanism of methane emission from wetlands, while less understanding the feasibility of methane reduction and the process in wetland system. Hence, based on the latest research progresses of physical and chemical effects of manganese oxide in mineral oral and on the surface of plant roots, manganese biogeochemical cycle and anaerobic methane oxidation, this proposed research is trying to probe a new method to reduce the methane emission from wetlands equiped with natural manganese ore as padding in the wetlands. The methane reduction can be co-catalyzed by the interphase effect on the surface of natural manganese ore, anaerobic methanotrophic archaea, manganese reducing and oxidizing bacteria and the rhizospheric oxygen delivering phenomenon. The proposed research will focus mainly on the mechanism study of anaerobic oxidation of methane as well as inhibition of methanogens by manganese ore, the oxidation process of methane by manganese oxide film on plant roots, and then develop a hybrid manganese-driven methane reduction system. By detecting the characterization of physical and chemical change on manganese ore during the reaction process, the quantitative analysis of methane and its products, biodiversity analysis and other related researches, this work will hopefully make great contribution to the reduction of methane emission from wetlands with a new pathway and theory.

英文关键词： wetland system;methane;manganese ores;anaerobic methane oxidation;green-house gases