超宽带（UWB）信号在矿井下穿透特性及成像算法的研究

项目名称： 超宽带（UWB）信号在矿井下穿透特性及成像算法的研究

项目编号： No.51474100

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 矿业工程

项目作者： 郭继坤

作者单位： 黑龙江科技大学

项目金额： 83万元

中文摘要： 当矿井下发生事故的时候，通过发射信号进行生命探测和利用穿透成像技术了解被困人员的情况对救援工作意义十分重大。超宽带信号具有穿透能力强、目标识别能力强、多径分辨能力强、抗干扰能力强、探测盲区小等众多优点，非常适合矿井下穿透探测和穿透成像。本项目采用有效时域射线追踪TD-Ray模型，并结合了FDTD方法对超宽带穿透特性进行研究；采用支持向量机SVM和相关向量机RVM的实时方法来处理穿墙成像问题；对穿透成像中的虚假像成因进行研究，给出了抑制方法；采用步进变频连续波超宽带信号和距离域滤波的方法进行生命探测；根据不同超宽带信号多径衰落的特性，设计方向性强、尺寸小、传输距离远的天线；按照矿井下的防爆和本安的要求，选用不同频率和功率的超宽带信号进行测试，确定最适合矿井下功率和频率的超宽带信号；在矿井下进行测试，获取实验数据，给出塌方体的厚度和穿透成像效果之间的关系，提出超宽带在矿井下的应用整体设计方案。

中文关键词： 超宽带；传播特性；时域有限差分；穿透成像；超宽带天线

英文摘要： When the accident occurres in the mine, transimit signals in life detection and use penetrating imaging to grasp the situation of trapped people are great significance in rescuework.UWB signals has strong penetration、high resolution 、target identification capabilities、multi-path resolution ability、strong anti-interference ability to detect small blind and also has many other advantages.It is very suitable for penetrating detection and imaging in the mine.This project uses an effective time-domain ray tracing TD-Ray model.It combines with the FDTD method to study UWB`s penetration characteristics.The theory adopts real-time method of support vector machine SVM and relevance vector machine RVM to deal through-wall imaging promblems and reaserches on the cause of false image in penetrating imaging, furthermore, gives a method of inhibiting.The paper utilizes UWB signal which has stepped frequency continuous wave and uses exploit distance domain filtering method to detect the life signal.According to multipath fading characteristics in different UWB signal,we design an antenna with strong direction、small size and long transmission distance. It choose different frequency and power for testing .To make sure UWB signal is the best choice in the mine,it according to the requirments of explosion-proof and intrinsically safe .Then,we obtain the experiment data through the mine test and find out the relationship between the thickness of landslide body and penetration imaging results.Finally,propose an overall design that UWB signal use in mine.

英文关键词： Ultra Wideband;Propagaeion characteristics;Finite Difference Time Domain;Penetrating Imaging;Ultra-wideband Antenna