环保型含能钝感燃烧催化剂合成及对推进剂催化燃烧机理

项目名称： 环保型含能钝感燃烧催化剂合成及对推进剂催化燃烧机理

项目编号： No.21473130

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 徐司雨

作者单位： 西安近代化学研究所

项目金额： 77万元

中文摘要： 以典型吡唑类、呋咱类和吡啶类钝感的高能炸药为母体，开展新型环保型含能钝感燃烧催化剂设计、合成和结构表征；采用TG、DSC和TG-DSC-MS-FTIR、机械安全性测试、真空安定性测试等手段研究它们的热分解性能、安全性能及其与推进剂主要组分的相容性；采用燃速测试手段研究所制备的燃烧催化剂在双基系推进剂中的催化作用效果；探索具备环保、含能、钝感及催化性能优良的新型燃烧催化剂品种；通过对催化推进剂试样热分解机理和动力学、燃烧火焰形貌、燃烧波温度分布、燃烧熄火等测试，从微观上揭示催化剂结构与催化性能的关系，阐明催化作用机理；基于一维气相反应理论，建立典型催化剂的催化燃烧数值计算模型。从而优选出具有应用前景的集含能、钝感、环保性能的新型催化剂品种，为推进剂用新型燃烧催化剂的研制提供理论依据和技术支持。

中文关键词： 燃烧催化剂；钝感；热分解；燃烧特性；催化机理

英文摘要： The combustion catalysts with the properties of energetically, insensitivity and circumstance safety will be designed and synthesized by using typical pyridine-based, furazan-based derivatives. Their thermal decomposition property, safety performance and compatibility with other propellant components will be studied by TG, DSC, TG-DSC-MS-FTIR, mechanical sensitivity test and vacuum stability test. The catalytic effects of prepared combustion catalysts in the double base propellant will be evaluated by combustion rating test, and the novel combustion catalysts with a serious of good properties will be explored and researched. Utilizing the thermal decomposition and thermal analysis, combustion flame morphology, combustion wave temperature distribution and flame quenching techniques to reveal the relationship between chemical construction and catalytic effects from the micro perspective and illustrate the catalytic mechanism. Based on one dimensional gas-phase reaction theory, the combustion calculation model of typical propellant containing catalysts will be established. And then we can select new catalysts with good properties of energetically, insensitivity and circumstance safety. The research provides theoretic reference and technology support for the development of novel combustion catalysts in propellant.

英文关键词： combustion catalyst;insensitivity;thermal decomposition;combustion property;catalyzed mechanism