基于离散元理论的小浆果力学行为研究及新型采收机内腔装置设计

项目名称： 基于离散元理论的小浆果力学行为研究及新型采收机内腔装置设计

项目编号： No.51505110

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 鲍玉冬

作者单位： 哈尔滨理工大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 机械采收的小浆果很多发生机械损伤，影响果品的质量，鲜果不能直接销售。无机械损伤的鲜果主要依靠人工手工采摘，后期筛选，劳动强度大，阻碍了小浆果采收机械的普及和推广。建立果实的颗粒等效模型，根据能耗分析，建立小浆果机械损伤评价标准。基于多体柔性体动力学分析果实力学行为和分散机理，为内腔收获装置的设计提供依据。对收获装置进行材料和尺寸匹配，确定果实的运动轨迹。设计果实的筛选装置，实现果实采收实时筛选分级。基于离散元法对虚拟样机进行数值仿真，通过实际采收试验验证样机改进设计的可行性。该项目建立小浆果动态力学行为理论，为浆果采收设备的研究提供理论依据，对浆果采收机的功能改进和可靠性提升具有重要的作用。

中文关键词： 小浆果；机械采收；果实力学行为；离散元法；装置设计

英文摘要： As for small berries, the mechanical harvesting may bring mechanical damage, which would affect the fruit quality and selling. So this may hinder the popularizing of the berry harvesting machine. While the fresh berries without mechanical damage could be mainly picked by hand, the labor intensity is high. The equivalent particle model of the fruit is established, which is used to analyze the energy consumption，and the harm evaluation standard for the berries are established. Based on the multi-body dynamics analysis of flexible body, mechanical behavior and the dispersing mechanism of fruit is analyzed, a basis for the design of the inside structure of the existing harvest machine is provided. The fruit motion trail is planed through matching the material and size of the harvesting device. The device for sifting is designed, as a result the berries harvested are sifted online. The virtual prototype is applied for simulation based on the theory of the discrete element. Through the actual harvesting experiments the feasibility of the improved design of the berries-harvesting machine is approved. This project establishes a theory of the fruit dynamic mechanical behavior, which provides the theoretical basis for the research and has an important impact on the improvement of the function and reliability of the harvesting machine for berries.

英文关键词： Blueberry;Mechanical harvest;Mechanical behavior of blueberris;Distinct Element Method;Device Design