典型来源腐殖酸不同光敏结构的分离与识别及对水中持久性有毒物质光解的影响机理研究

项目名称： 典型来源腐殖酸不同光敏结构的分离与识别及对水中持久性有毒物质光解的影响机理研究

项目编号： No.21477017

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 化学工业

项目作者： 欧晓霞

作者单位： 大连民族大学

项目金额： 86万元

中文摘要： 腐殖酸是广泛存在于自然界各种环境介质的一种大分子有机质，对环境污染物的迁移转化具有重要影响。光解是天然水体中难以生物降解的持久性有毒物质迁移转化的重要过程。腐殖酸复杂的结构特点是影响腐殖酸光化学行为的一个关键因素。本申请项目针对不同来源的腐殖酸具有自己独特的光敏分子结构的科学问题，拟从东北典型地区如吉林长白山森林、内蒙古大草原、黑龙江褐煤、辽宁辽河水系等，进行腐殖酸的提取，利用分子印迹技术根据不同的形成环境选择合适的模板分子，进行不同来源腐殖酸中光敏组分的分离，对印迹的光敏结构进行详细表征和识别；通过水中持久性有毒污染物的光解实验，研究腐殖酸光敏组分及其金属络合物存在下活性氧化物种的形成消失规律，进而从分子尺寸上揭示腐殖酸光化学活性和腐殖酸具体光敏结构及其形成环境之间的关系。本项研究对正确认识不同环境介质中腐殖酸的光敏结构及持久性有毒污染物的生态风险性具有重要意义和科学价值。

中文关键词： 腐殖酸；分子印迹；光解；来源；持久性有毒物质

英文摘要： Humic acids (HA) are the most widely distributed macromolecular organic matter in the natural multimedia environment, influencing the transfer and transformation of organic pollutants significantly. In natural aquatic systems, photochemical processes are important pathways for the transformation of persistent toxic substances (PTS) that are poorly biodegradable. The vast diversity in structural components of HA might be key factors accounting for their different photochemical behavior. Considering that HA originated from different sources has its own unique photosensitive molecular structure, the project is designed to extract HA from typical areas of Northeast such as Changbai mountain forests in Jilin, prairies in inner Mongolia, brown coal in Heilongjiang, and Liaohe River in Liaoning, select the appropriate template according to the different forming environment to separate photosensitive fractions from HA of different origins using molecular imprinting technique, characterize the photosensitive structures in detail, and study the photochemical formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) according to photodegradation of PTS in aqueous solutions in the presence of photosensitive components or their complex with metals. The study would further reveal the relationships between the photochemical activity of HA, the specific photosensitive structure of HA and their forming environment from molecular dimensions. The study is of significance and scientific value on understanding the photosensitive structures of HA existing in different environmental media correctly and the ecological risk of persistent toxic pollutants.

英文关键词： Humic acids;Molecular imprinting;Photolysis;Origin;Persistent toxic substances