水射流空化联合光催化处理难降解有机物的新方法研究

项目名称： 水射流空化联合光催化处理难降解有机物的新方法研究

项目编号： No.21207087

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 环境化学

项目作者： 王晓宁

作者单位： 上海交通大学

项目金额： 24万元

中文摘要： 光催化能有效降解水中的多种有机污染物，但在实际应用中会出现传质受限、催化剂团聚和失活等问题，大大降低其处理效率。水射流空化是一种无需添加化学试剂、绿色环保的水处理技术，其在环境污染治理方面的研究尚处于起步阶段。高速流动的水体在喷嘴内会出现空化现象，即水射流空化。该技术具有无需应用严苛的条件就能产生局部的高温高压、湍流和微射流能增强溶液传质、能减少所需试剂的投加量、易实现规模化应用等优点。本项目将水射流空化与光催化技术结合，用微观影像和声波检测的方法，研究水射流产生的空化现象和声谱特征，并探索其受实验条件的影响。通过改变污染物的种类、浓度、溶液的酸碱性和无机盐介质，研究光催化材料的表面形态和污染物质的吸附-更新过程，阐释水射流空化对光催化处理的协同机制，为水射流空化技术的发展拓展新领域，为光催化技术的工业化应用提供新途径。

中文关键词： 水射流空化；光催化；耦合；可视化；伴生超声波

英文摘要： Photocatalytic method can effectively degrade various organic pollutants in solution. However, in practical application, some problems are encountered such as limitation of mass transfer, agglomeration and deactivation of photocatalysts, which could reduce the processing efficiency significantly with continuous operation. Water jet cavitation is a green technology for wastewater treatment emerging in recent years. This method is performed without addition of chemicals so that secondary pollutions can be avoided. Water flowing through a nozzle with high speed can generate cavitation, which is called water jet cavitation. This technology has many merits, such as generating high temperature and high pressure in moderate conditions, enhancing mass transfer by turbulence and microjet co-generated, reducing the loading of photocatalyst, and being suitable for large-scale application. In this project, a new method of photocatalysis combined with water jet cavitation is proposed. Cavitation phenomena and sound characteristics generated by water jet would be studied by microscopic images and acoustic detection, respectively. The effect of experimental conditions should be investigated. Stucture and concentration of organic pollutants, solution pH and inorganic salts will be taken into account to study the surface morphol

英文关键词： Water Jet Cavitation；Photocatalysis；Synergy；Visualization；Ultrasound Co-generated