应用fMRI对tDCS联合信号/噪音抗抑制知觉学习后大龄弱视视觉可塑性改变的脑机制研究

项目名称： 应用fMRI对tDCS联合信号/噪音抗抑制知觉学习后大龄弱视视觉可塑性改变的脑机制研究

项目编号： No.81200715

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 医学二处

项目作者： 李劲嵘

作者单位： 中山大学

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 弱视是引起儿童双眼视功能损害的第一位疾病，传统认为其在视觉可塑期后无法治疗，大量错过治疗时机的弱视人群给我国社会经济带来沉重负担。近年来对视觉可塑性机制的重新认识使人们重新看到视觉可塑期后进行弱视治疗的希望，申请人前期研究（IOVS 2010与IOVS 2011）也发现视觉抑制是影响视觉可塑性的重要原因。在随后研究中申请人又发现无论是直接经颅刺激还是抗抑制知觉学习的抗抑制刺激均能够改善弱视视觉可塑期后的视觉感知功能，但是我们至今仍无法从中枢神经活动改变和心理物理学的层面上明确抗抑制刺激的作用机制。本研究拟采用fMRI和信号/噪音检测技术对tDCS（经颅微电流刺激）和信号/噪音抗抑制知觉学习后大龄弱视视觉感知功能改变的机制进行探讨，希望能从神经活动水平和信号提取/噪音排除的心理物理学机制两个层面上来阐述抗抑制刺激对大龄弱视视觉可塑性的作用机制，为其在大龄弱视治疗中的应用奠定理论基础。

中文关键词： 弱视；可塑性；tDCS；视功能；知觉学习

英文摘要： Amblyopia is one of the most common causes of visual impairment affecting both the monocular and binocular visual functions of the individual. It is previously well-recognized that, once the visual cortex has reached beyond the visual plasticity period, both the monocular as well as binocular visual processing and perceptual losses are permanently damaged and can never be re-established back to normal levels. It is only until recently where our research team has shed some light into this dilemma on the mechanism of visual plasticity. Our preliminary findings regarding the binocular perception of amblyopes have proven that suppression plays the most critical role on visual plasticity development (IOVS 2010 and IOVS 2011). Our subsequent works on anti-suppression therapy involving transcranial stimulation and perceptual learning also imply that the damaged visual functions can be re-trained even beyond the critical visual plasticity period. Our current aim is to investigate how these two anti-suppression methods work at the neuro-activity level along with functions of psychophysical metrics. In this study, fMRI detection and signal/noise threshold detection techniques would be employed to explore the mechanisms of our anti-suppression therapy on visual plasticity. We hope our investigation could build the foundat

英文关键词： Amblyopia；Plasticy；tDCS；Visual Function；Perceptual Learning