大厚度材料窄间隙坡口中的激光-GMA复合焊拘束等离子体交互机理的量化研究和控稳方法

项目名称： 大厚度材料窄间隙坡口中的激光-GMA复合焊拘束等离子体交互机理的量化研究和控稳方法

项目编号： No.51475297

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 蔡艳

作者单位： 上海交通大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 高功率激光+GMA复合热源焊接是近年来得到迅速发展和密切关注的焊接前沿新技术，它在大厚板连接时可以大大减少焊接层数、显著提高焊接速度，并且具有可焊材料广、焊接变形小等优点，因此具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。本课题以大厚度材料的高功率激光+GMA复合焊接为对象，深入分析光致等离子体和电弧等离子体在深且窄坡口中的交互机制，研究三个科学问题：（1）建立光致等离子体与电弧等离子体的热物理模型，量化描述等离子体的交互过程和作用机理；（2）非对称交互等离子体温度和电子密度空间分布的三维重建；（3）坡口空间拘束对光致等离子体与电弧等离子体交互行为的影响规律，最终形成适用于大厚度材料高功率激光+GMA复合焊接的拘束等离子体控稳策略。本课题的研究成果将为高功率激光+GMA复合焊接提供理论基础和实践指导，有助于促进该技术在大厚板连接领域的推广和应用，为我国船舶、桥梁、石油等工程领域的大型构件制备提供技术储备。

中文关键词： 激光焊接；交互等离子体；深窄坡口；三维重建；量化分析

英文摘要： High Power Laser + GMA hybrid welding is an advanced welding technology that develops rapidly and gets lots of attention in recent years. Besides its remarkable adaptation for different materials, it has significant capacity of decreasing the number of weld beads, increasing welding speed and reducing welding distortion in the field of joining for high-thickness plates. Aiming at the high Power Laser + GMA hybrid welding for thick plate, the interactive mechanism between laser-induced plasma and arc plasma inside a deep and narrow groove is studied. The following three scientific tasks are included: (1) to set up the thermal physical model of laser-induced plasma and arc plasma for quantitative description of interactive process and its mechanism; (2) 3D reconstruction of the temperature and electron density distribution of the unsymmetrical coupled plasma; (3) the influencing pattern of space limitation caused by groove on interaction between laser-induced plasma and arc plasma. A control strategy would be proposed eventually to seduce arc plasma to the groove root and burn steadily. The results of this study could be used to provide theoretic basis and practical guidance for high power laser + GMA hybrid welding technology. And it would contribute to the promotion and application of this technology in the manufacturing field including shipbuilding, bridge, petroleum engineering and so on.

英文关键词： laser welding;interactive plasmas;deep & narrow groove;3D reconstruction;quantitative analysis