北京城市绿地生态系统调蓄雨水径流的时空作用规律及其调控对策研究

项目名称： 北京城市绿地生态系统调蓄雨水径流的时空作用规律及其调控对策研究

项目编号： No.31200531

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 林学

项目作者： 张彪

作者单位： 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 近年来，逢雨必涝已成为我国许多城市的通病，而一味提高排水系统标准似乎成为应对城市内涝问题的最佳途径。本研究应用多时期遥感影像和气象站点数据，研究近十年北京城区绿地景观与雨水径流的时空变化特征，分析绿色空间减少与内涝风险增加的关系；然后基于2010年北京城区园林绿地调查数据，应用生态场理论和GIS空间分析技术，构建绿地调蓄雨水功能场模型，定量解析绿地调控雨水径流的作用机理及其场空间特征；在明确北京城区雨涝驱动机制与绿地调蓄径流功能基础上，通过优化调整绿地资源的空间布局、群落结构和景观设计，提升绿色空间调蓄雨水功能的场效应，促进城市雨水径流的生态调控。该研究有助于拓展城市水环境安全与生态服务功能研究视角，改进经典生态功能评估技术，同时为城市内涝缓解和雨水资源利用探索一条生态学途径。

中文关键词： 城市内涝；雨水调蓄；城市绿地；景观格局；

英文摘要： In recent years, many cities in China have been suffering from water logging disasters, and how to effectively cope with urban flooding has been paid great attentions. At present, to built more and more rainwater-drainage systems seems to become the best pathway. The major purpose of this research is to investigate the driving mechanism and spatio-temporal characteristics of urban green areas on rainwater runoff storage, subsequently utilize them to reduce urban flooding by the optimization of green spaces. There are three steps will be conducted. Firstly, this project will adopt multi-period TM images and meteorological data to explore the spatial-time patterns of rainwater runoff and green spaces in Beijing, and analyze the relationship between urban flooding risk and urban impervious lands. Secondly, based on the inventory data of urban green spaces, as well as classics ecological filed theory and GIS techniques, we develop an eco-service filed model of urban green area on rainwater regulation, and analyze the change of rainwater storage provided by urban green spaces in a year and theirs spatial characteristics in Beijing built-up area. Finally, the optimization strategies for urban green spaces will be proposed to alleviate rainwater runoff and reduce urban flooding, which including the spatial distributi

英文关键词： Urban flooding；rainwater storage；urban green spaces；landscape pattern；